Respons Non-Performing Financing (NPF) Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Terhadap Guncangan Inflasi dan Nilai Tukar: Pendekatan Vector Autoregression (VAR) First Difference Periode Januari 2019 - Juni 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/jms.v11i4.32331Abstract
Stabilitas kualitas aset perbankan syariah merupakan ketidakberhentian sistem keuangan Islam di Indonesia, namun sejauh mana guncangan inflasi dan nilai tukar mentransmisikan tekanannya ke Non-Performing Financing (NPF) secara dinamis masih belum teridentifikasi dengan baik untuk periode pascapandemi. Penelitian ini menganalisis respon dinamis ΔNPF gross Bank Umum Syariah dan Unit Usaha Syariah terhadap guncangan inflasi dan nilai tukar USD/IDR menggunakan pendekatan Vector Autoregression (VAR) first Difference. Data bulanan dari Januari 2019 hingga Juni 2025 menghasilkan 78 observasi; uji ADF dan KPSS mengonfirmasi seluruh variabel terintegrasi ordo satu, I(1), sementara uji kointegrasi Johansen tidak menemukan hubungan keseimbangan jangka panjang yang kuat, sehingga spesifikasi VAR(2) first Difference dengan Cholesky ordering Kurs → Inflasi → NPF diterapkan. Hasil Impulse Response Function menunjukkan respon ΔNPF terhadap guncangan inflasi dan nilai tukar tidak signifikan secara statistik di seluruh horizon 1–12 bulan, dengan interval kepercayaan 95% bootstrap yang melewati nol di semua titik. Forecast Error Variance Decomposition mengonfirmasi dominasi shock sendiri sebesar 98,94% pada horizon ke-12, sementara inflasi hanya berkontribusi 0,36% dan nilai tukar 0,70%. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa transmisi makroekonomi ke NPF pada periode penelitian lebih lemah dari literatur prediksi sebelumnya, konsisten dengan kemungkinan pengaruh kebijakan restrukturisasi pembiayaan OJK dan ketergantungan jalur yang kuat dalam dinamika NPF; Intinya, instrumen prudensial langsung lebih relevan bagi regulator dibandingkan transmisi tidak langsung melalui stabilisasi variabel moneter.
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