Organizational Readiness for Green Accounting Integration in Waste Management: A Case Study of PTPN IV Regional II Mayang Unit

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/imp.v6i2.33956

Keywords:

Green accounting, Environmental management accounting , Organizational readiness, Institutional decoupling, Case study

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines organizational readiness for green accounting at PTPN IV Regional II Mayang Unit, focusing on environmental management practices and the gap between established practices and their accounting integration.

Design/Methodology: This qualitative case study used in-depth interviews with four informants from managerial, administrative, processing, and accounting functions, direct observation, and organizational documents. Data were analyzed through condensation, display, and conclusion drawing, with source and method triangulation.

Findings: Readiness is uneven across dimensions. Wastewater treatment, solid-waste utilization, hazardous-waste management, and environmental monitoring are operationally established. However, environmental costs are not separately identified, measured, recorded, or reported, indicating limited accounting-system readiness. This pattern reflects institutional decoupling between environmental practices and internal accounting routines

Practical Implications: Management should integrate environmental practices into accounting through environmental sub-accounts, cost centers, and systematic cost classifications, supported by stronger policies, coordination, and competencies.

Originality/Value: This study explains green accounting readiness at the operational-unit level of a state-owned oil palm plantation enterprise. Using institutional decoupling, it shows how environmental practices coexist with limited integration of environmental costs, emphasizing managerial use of environmental information rather than performance measurement.

JEL Classification: M41; M11; Q56

SDG: SDG 6, SDG 12, SDG 16

References

Appannan, J. S., Mohd Said, R., Ong, T. S., & Senik, R. (2023). Promoting sustainable development through strategies, environmental management accounting and environmental performance. Business Strategy and the Environment, 32(4), 1914–1930. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3227

Apriani, A., Nurwani, N., & Juliati, Y. S. (2023). Analisis penerapan akuntansi manajemen lingkungan dalam pengungkapan biaya lingkungan berdasarkan perspektif islam. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 9(2), 2374–2384. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v9i2.9510

Ardiana, M., Agustina, R., & Pertiwi, D. A. (2023). Increasing business eco-efficiency and competitive advantage through the application of green accounting. Buletin Penelitian Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Haluoleo, 25(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.37149/bpsosek.v25i1.363

Arocena, P., Orcos, R., & Zouaghi, F. (2021). The impact of ISO 14001 on firm environmental and economic performance: The moderating role of size and environmental awareness. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(2), 955–967. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2663

Aslam, S., Elmagrhi, M. H., Rehman, R. U., & Ntim, C. G. (2021). Environmental management practices and financial performance using data envelopment analysis in Japan: The mediating role of environmental performance. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(4), 1655–1673. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2700

Azizi, S., Sotoudehnejad, F., & Akhlaghi Yazdinejad, E. (2023). Environmental Accounting: An Effort To Develop for Identifying and Ranking Green Accounting Indicators. International Journal of Finance & Managerial Accounting, 8(30), 309–323. https://doi.org/10.30495/ijfma.2022.60555.1636

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Statistik kelapa sawit Indonesia 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/11/29/d5dcb42ab730df1be4339c34/statistik-kelapa-sawit-indonesia-2023.html

Barauskaite, G., & Streimikiene, D. (2021). Corporate social responsibility and financial performance of companies: The puzzle of concepts, definitions and assessment methods. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(1), 278–287. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2048

Bellamy, A., Handajani, L., & Waskito, I. (2023). Pengaruh penerapan green accounting dan kinerja lingkungan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Valid: Jurnal Ilmiah, 20(2), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.53512/valid.v20i2.284

Burritt, R. L., Hahn, T., & Schaltegger, S. (2002). Towards a comprehensive framework for environmental management accounting—Links between business actors and environmental management accounting tools. Australian Accounting Review, 12(27), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-2561.2002.tb00202.x

Chaudhry, N. I., & Amir, M. (2020). From institutional pressure to the sustainable development of firm: Role of environmental management accounting implementation and environmental proactivity. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(8), 3542–3554. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2595

Chen, M., Liu, Q., Huang, S., & Dang, C. (2022). Environmental cost control system of manufacturing enterprises using artificial intelligence based on value chain of circular economy. Enterprise Information Systems, 16(8–9), 1856422. https://doi.org/10.1080/17517575.2020.1856422

Chiarini, A. (2021). Industry 4.0 technologies in the manufacturing sector: are we sure they are all relevant for environmental performance? Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(7), 3194–3207. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2797

Dalimunthe, R. H., Arif, M., & Syafina, L. (2022). Analysis of the Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Islamic Financial Institutions in the Triple Bottom Line Perspective (Study at PT BPRS Puduarta Insani). The ES Accounting And Finance, 1(01), 1–15. https://esj.eastasouth-institute.com/index.php/esaf/article/view/22

Dashti, A. F., Fatehah, M. O., & Zahed, M. A. (2022). Waste management of the palm oil industry: present status and future perspective. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science, 17(2), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1680/jenes.20.00059

De Silva, P., Gunarathne, N., & Kumar, S. (2025). Exploring the impact of digital knowledge, integration and performance on sustainable accounting, reporting and assurance. Meditari Accountancy Research, 33(2), 497–552. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-02-2024-2383

DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101

Elkington, J. (1998). Partnerships from cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st‐century business. Environmental Quality Management, 8(1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.3310080106

Gonzalez, C. C., & Peña-Vinces, J. (2023). A framework for a green accounting system-exploratory study in a developing country context, Colombia. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(9), 9517–9541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02445-w

Haldorai, K., Kim, W. G., & Garcia, R. L. F. (2022). Top management green commitment and green intellectual capital as enablers of hotel environmental performance: The mediating role of green human resource management. Tourism Management, 88, 104431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104431

Harahap, N. S., Nasution, Y. S. J., & Hermain, H. (2025). Green accounting as part of PT Halindo Berjaya Mandiri’s corporate social responsibility in mitigating environmental risks. Amkop Management Accounting Review, 5(2), 496–500. https://doi.org/10.37531/amar.v5i2.2808

Harahap, R. D., Nasution, M. S. A., & Nurlaila. (2026). Green accounting transparency, organizational image, and the mediating role of Maqasid Syariah Index on public trust in zakat management organizations. Fundamental and Applied Management Journal, 4(2), 723–734. https://doi.org/10.66314/famj.v4i2.889

Hasibuan, N. F. A., & Hasibuan, R. P. A. (2025). Bagaimana Green Accounting Mempengaruhi Financial Performance Melalui Enviromental Performance Ratings? Studi Empiris: Perusahaan Energi di Indonesia. HUMAN FALAH: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 12(2), 154–173. https://doi.org/10.30829/hf.v12i2.26910

Hassan, O. A. G., Romilly, P., & Khadaroo, I. (2024). The impact of corporate environmental management practices on environmental performance. Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, 33(3), 449–467. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12618

Heras-Saizarbitoria, I., García, M., Boiral, O., & de Junguitu, A. D. (2020). The use of eco-efficiency indicators by environmental frontrunner companies. Ecological Indicators, 115, 106451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106451

Ilyas, N. S. A., Alam, S., & Kalsum, U. (2025). Penerapan Environmental Manajemen Accounting Sebagai Bentuk Eko Efisiensi Dalam Mendukung Bisnis Sustainibility Perusahaan Manufaktur: Studi Kasus PTPN Persero Pabrik Gula Takalar. Center of Economic Students Journal, 8(2), 731–744. https://doi.org/10.56750/csej.v8i2.1159

International Federation of Accountants. (2005). International guidance document: Environmental management accounting. https://www.ifac.org/knowledge-gateway/professional-accountants-business-paib/publications/international-guidance-document-environmental-management-accounting

International Organization for Standardization. (2011). Environmental management—Material flow cost accounting—General framework (ISO Standard No. 14051:2011). https://www.iso.org/standard/50986.html

International Organization for Standardization. (2015). ISO 14001:2015 Environmental management systems—Requirements with guidance for use. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/standard/60857.html

Jerin, D. T., Sara, H. H., Radia, M. A., Hema, P. S., Hasan, S., Urme, S. A., Audia, C., Hasan, M. T., & Quayyum, Z. (2022). An overview of progress towards implementation of solid waste management policies in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Heliyon, 8(2), Article e08918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08918

Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2021 tentang Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. KLHK. https://jdih.kemenkoinfra.go.id/id/peraturan-menteri-lingkungan-hidup-dan-kehutanan-no-1-tahun-2021

Khan, S., & Gupta, S. (2024). The interplay of sustainability, corporate green accounting and firm financial performance: a meta-analytical investigation. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 15(5), 1038–1066. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-01-2022-0016

Khan, S., & Gupta, S. (2025). Boosting the efficacy of green accounting for better firm performance: artificial intelligence and accounting quality as moderators. Meditari Accountancy Research, 33(2), 472–496. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-02-2024-2379

Kivits, R., & Sawang, S. (2021). Stakeholder theory. In The dynamism of stakeholder engagement: A case study of the aviation industry (pp. 1–8). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70428-5_1

Kristanti, R. A., Hadibarata, T., Yuniarto, A., & Muslim, A. (2021). Palm oil industries in Malaysia and possible treatment technologies for palm oil mill effluent: A review. Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, 77(3), 50–65. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.77.3.29522

Larivière, B., & Smit, E. G. (2022). People–planet–profits for a sustainable world: integrating the triple-P idea in the marketing strategy, implementation and evaluation of service firms. Journal of Service Management, 33(4–5), 507–519. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-01-2022-0033

Lee, M.-J., Pak, A., & Roh, T. (2024). The interplay of institutional pressures, digitalization capability, environmental, social, and governance strategy, and triple bottom line performance: A moderated mediation model. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(6), 5247–5268. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3755

Mahajan, R., Lim, W. M., Sareen, M., Kumar, S., & Panwar, R. (2023). Stakeholder theory. Journal of Business Research, 166, 114104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114104

Marrucci, L., Daddi, T., & Iraldo, F. (2024). Creating environmental performance indicators to assess corporate sustainability and reward employees. Ecological Indicators, 158, 111489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111489

Masudin, I., Selvia, A., Zulfikarijah, F., & Nasyiah, T. (2025). Exploring the Role of Circular Economy Practices in Linking Green Logistics Management and IoT with Sustainability Performance in SMEs. Circular Economy and Sustainability, 5, 3787–3824. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-025-00598-0

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage. https://study.sagepub.com/miles3e

Ngo, Q.-H. (2023). Do environmental management practices mediate institutional pressures-environmental performance relationship? Evidence from Vietnamese SMEs. Heliyon, 9(7), e17635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17635

Rahman, M. M., & Islam, M. E. (2023). The impact of green accounting on environmental performance: mediating effects of energy efficiency. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(26), 69431–69452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27356-9

Republik Indonesia. (2007). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/39965/uu-no-40-tahun-2007

Republik Indonesia. (2012). Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 47 Tahun 2012 tentang Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan Perseroan Terbatas. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/5260/pp-no-47-tahun-2012

Riyadh, H. A., Al-Shmam, M. A., Huang, H. H., Gunawan, B., & Alfaiza, S. A. (2020). The analysis of green accounting cost impact on corporations financial performance. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 10(6), 421–426. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.9238

Rounaghi, M. M., Jarrar, H., & Dana, L.-P. (2021). Implementation of strategic cost management in manufacturing companies: overcoming costs stickiness and increasing corporate sustainability. Future Business Journal, 7(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-021-00079-4

Scott, W. R. (2013). Institutions and organizations: Ideas, interests, and identities (4th ed.). Sage. https://www.sagepub.com/shop/buy-a-book/institutions-and-organizations-4-237665

Sheehy, B., & Farneti, F. (2021). Corporate social responsibility, sustainability, sustainable development and corporate sustainability: what is the difference, and does it matter? Sustainability, 13(11), 5965. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115965

Tang, Y., Zhu, J., Ma, W., & Zhao, M. (2022). A Study on the Impact of Institutional Pressure on Carbon Information Disclosure: The Mediating Effect of Enterprise Peer Influence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7), Article 4174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074174

Wani, N. R., Rather, R. A., Farooq, A., Padder, S. A., Baba, T. R., Sharma, S., Mubarak, N. M., Khan, A. H., Singh, P., & Ara, S. (2024). New insights in food security and environmental sustainability through waste food management. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(12), 17835–17857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26462-y

Weiner, B. J. (2009). A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implementation Science, 4, Article 67. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-4-67

Wulandhari, K., & Machdar, N. M. (2025). Kontribusi Biaya Lingkungan, Green Accounting, CSR, dan Ukuran Perusahaan dalam Meningkatkan Profitabilitas Perusahaan. Jurnal Mutiara Ilmu Akuntansi, 3(3), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.55606/jumia.v3i1.3552

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage. https://study.sagepub.com/yin6e

Zainab, A., & Burhany, D. I. (2020). Biaya lingkungan, kinerja lingkungan, dan kinerja keuangan pada perusahaan manufaktur. Prosiding Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar, 11(1), 992–998. https://jurnal.polban.ac.id/proceeding/article/view/2153

Published

2026-09-25

How to Cite

Wahyuni, P., Marliyah, & Nasution, Y. S. J. (2026). Organizational Readiness for Green Accounting Integration in Waste Management: A Case Study of PTPN IV Regional II Mayang Unit. Improvement: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 6(2), 179–198. https://doi.org/10.30651/imp.v6i2.33956