Penetapan Nasab Anak, Hukum Isla Penetapan Konstitusi dan Hukum Islam Terkait Tes DNA Sebagai Dalil Keabsahan Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/mqs.v13i2.24368Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui landasan hukum Islam dan negara terkait penggunaan tes DNA sebagai dalil keabsahan nasab anak. Dan untuk mengetahui penerapan tes DNA dalam menyelesaikan kasus penetapan nasab di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian penelitian hukum normatif dan penelitian pustaka (Library Research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statue Approach) sebagai landasan teori hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tes DNA dapat menjadi bukti penetapan nasab anak kepada ayahnya. Metode penentuan nasab dalam hukum Islam ditetapkan dengan empat cara; al-firasy, al-iqrar, al-bayyinah, dan al-Qiyafah. Dari keempat metode ini, tes DNA merupakan bukti terkini yang telah dikembangkan dengan teknologi yang digunakan sebagai sarana penetapan kecocokan garis keturunan seseorang melebihi metode al-Qiyafah. Dalam hukum negara Indonesia, tes DNA telah diakui sebagai alat bukti terbarukan dalam penetapan nasab sehingga kasus anak yang lahir dari korban pemerkosaan, pernikahan dibawah tangan, pernikahan sirri dapat menuntut hak nafkah bahkan nasab kepada ayahnya.
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