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Abstrak
Partisipasi pria merupakan salah satu masalah yang masih dihadapi dalam program keluarga berencana di beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia. Program keluarga berencana yang berfokus pada kaum perempuan di tengah masyarakat yang menganut sistem patriarki menyebabkan adanya kesan bahwa perempuanlah yang memiliki tanggung jawab dalam hal pengaturan kehamilan. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendorong keikutsertaan suami dalam program keluarga berencana melalui perbaikan pemahaman tentang metode kontrasepsi. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, diharapkan para suami memiliki wawasan yang luas tentang metode kontrasepsi. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan terintegrasi melalui kegiatan Pengalaman Belajar Lapangan (PBL) Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Ahmad Dahlan tahun 2020 di Dusun Modalan, Banguntapan, Bantul pada tanggal 19 sampai dengan 20 Februari 2020. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah melalui musyawarah masyarakat desa sebagai bentuk community engagement dan edukasi tentang mitos dan fakta seputar metode kontrasepsi dan keluarga berencana. Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini terbukti secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan pria dalam isu keluarga berencana (Mean difference=27,40; 95%CI=12,64 – 42,17; p-value=0,001). Keterlibatan masyarakat mulai dari proses penentuan prioritas masalah menjadikan intervensi yang dilakukan benar-benar merupakan kebutuhan masyarakat. Hal ini secara tidak langsung menyebabkan sasaran berpartisipasi secara aktif selama kegiatan berlangsung, sehingga pengetahuannya tentang keluarga berencana meningkat.
Kata Kunci: kontrasepsi; keluarga berencana; partisipasi suami.
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Encouraging Male Participation in the Family Planning Program Through Improving Understanding of the Contraception Methods
ABSTRACT
Male involvement is one of the challenges of the family planning program in many countries, including Indonesia. The family planning program, which focuses on women in a society that adopts a patriarchal structure, causes the perception that women have responsibilities in regulating pregnancy. This community engagement initiative was developed to promote husbands' involvement in family planning programs through an increased understanding of contraceptive methods. After engaging in this activity, it is hoped that the husbands will have broad insights into contraception methods. This community development was carried out through the Field Study Experience (PBL) of Faculty of Public Health Universitas Ahmad Dahlan in Dusun Modalan, Banguntapan, Bantul, from 19 to 20 February 2020. Through village group meetings, the approach taken was a medium of community involvement and education about the rumors and truth about contraception and family planning practices. This community service initiative has been shown to substantially increase male knowledge on family planning issues (mean difference = 27.40; 95% CI = 12.64-42.17; p-value = 0.001). Community involvement in the process of determining priority problems makes interventions become a community need. This indirectly causes the target to engage actively during the activity, consequently increasing their understanding of family planning.
Keywords: contraception; family planning; male involvement.
Kata Kunci
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Hak cipta artikel dimiliki oleh jurnal AKSIOLOGIYA
Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-NonKomersial 4.0 Internasional.
Referensi
- Adamou, B. M., Iskarpatyoti, B. S., Agala, C. B., & Mejia, C. (2019). Exploring gaps in monitoring and evaluation of male engagement in family planning. Gates Open Research, 3, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12927.1
- Bishwajit, G., Tang, S., Yaya, S., Ide, S., Fu, H., Wang, M., He, Z., Da, F., & Feng, Z. (2017). Factors associated with male involvement in reproductive care in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3915-y
- BKKBN. (2020). Tugas Pokok dan Fungsi BKKBN. https://www.bkkbn.go.id/pages/tugas-pokok-dan-fungsi
- Comrie-Thomson, L., Mavhu, W., Makungu, C., Nahar, Q., Khan, R., Davis, J., Stillo, E., Hamdani, S., Luchters, S., & Vaughan, C. (2019). Male involvement interventions and improved couples’ emotional relationships in Tanzania and Zimbabwe: ‘When we are walking together, I feel happy.’ Culture, Health and Sexuality, 0(0), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2019.1630564
- Darroch, J. E., Sedgh, G., & Ball, H. (2011). Contraceptive Technologies : Responding to Women ’ s Needs. Guttmacher Institute, April, 1–51.
- Dral, A. A., Tolani, M. R., Smet, E., Van Luijn, A., & Luijn, A. Van. (2018). Factors Influencing Male Involvement in Family Planning in Ntchisi District , Malawi – A Qualitative Study. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 22(December), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.29063/ajrh2018/v22i4.4
- Gebrie, S. A., Abraha, Y. G., Garoma, D. A., Deribe, F. M., Tefera, M. H., & Morankar, S. (2017). Impact of male partner involvement on modern contraceptive use among married or partnered women in developing countries: a protocol for systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 15(12), 2837–2841. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003106
- Ghanotakis, E., Hoke, T., Wilcher, R., Field, S., Mercer, S., Bobrow, E. A., Namubiru, M., Katirayi, L., & Mandera, I. (2017). Evaluation of a male engagement intervention to transform gender norms and improve family planning and HIV service uptake in Kabale, Uganda. Global Public Health, 12(10), 1297–1314. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2016.1168863
- Haryanto, S. (2018). Engaging Men: Results of the MenCare+ Gender Justice Program in Indonesia. Journal of Men’s Studies, 26(1), 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060826517711158
- Joshi, L. R. (2015). Male Participation in Family Planning: Human Behaviour Perspective. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 13(31), 188–195.
- Kabagenyi, A., Jennings, L., Reid, A., Nalwadda, G., Ntozi, J., & Atuyambe, L. (2014). Barriers to male involvement in contraceptive uptake and reproductive health services : a qualitative study of men and women ’ s perceptions in two rural districts in Uganda Research suggests that male involvement can increase uptake and continuation of f. Reproductive Health, 11(21), 1–9.
- Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2014). Situasi dan Analisis Keluarga Berencana. In Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (p. 2). Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. http://www.depkes.go.id/download.php?file=download/pusdatin/infodatin/infodatin-harganas.pdf
- Koren, A., Giannetti, M., Hynes, R., & Favre, M. (2017). Integrating Male Reproductive Health Services: One University Clinic’s Story. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 43(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2015.1113594
- Kriel, Y., Milford, C., Cordero, J., Suleman, F., Beksinska, M., Steyn, P., & Smit, J. A. (2019). Male partner influence on family planning and contraceptive use: Perspectives from community members and healthcare providers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Reproductive Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0749-y
- Lumbantobing, D., Bemmelen, S. Van, Pratiwi, A. M., & Dhewy, A. (2019). Community Knowledge and Behavior Towards Unwanted Pregnancy in Eight Provinces of Sumatra: Between Religious, Customary and State Norms. Jurnal Perempuan, 24(3), 275–288. https://doi.org/10.18860/egalita.v0i0.2000
- Mahmood, H., Khan, Z., & Masood, S. (2016). Effects of male literacy on family size: A cross sectional study conducted in Chakwal city. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 66(4), 399–403.
- Mohammed, F., Musa, A., & Amano, A. (2016). Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among pregnant woman attending ANC at Gelemso General Hospital, Oromiya Region, East Ethiopia: A facility based cross-sectional study. BMC Women’s Health, 16(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-016-0335-1
- Ouma, G., Karanja, S., & Udu, D. (2018). Factors Influencing Male Involvement in Safe Motherhood Among Communities in Kwale And Kilifi in Coastal Kenya. In Global Journal of Health Sciences (Vol. 3, Issue 1). www.iprjb.org
- Pemerintah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. (2019). Perkembangan Unmet Need KB di DIY Menurut Kabupaten Kota. Aplikasi Dataku DIY. http://bappeda.jogjaprov.go.id/dataku/data_dasar/index/646-perkembang%250Aan-unmet-need-kb-di-diy-menurut-kabupaten-kota%250A
- Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik—BPS) National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) and Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes—MOH) and ICF International. (2018). Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. BPS, BKKBN, Kemenkes, and ICF International.
- Sutinah, S. (2017). Partisipasi laki-laki dalam program Keluarga Berencana di era masyarakat postmodern. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 30(3), 290. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v30i32017.290-299
Referensi
Adamou, B. M., Iskarpatyoti, B. S., Agala, C. B., & Mejia, C. (2019). Exploring gaps in monitoring and evaluation of male engagement in family planning. Gates Open Research, 3, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12927.1
Bishwajit, G., Tang, S., Yaya, S., Ide, S., Fu, H., Wang, M., He, Z., Da, F., & Feng, Z. (2017). Factors associated with male involvement in reproductive care in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3915-y
BKKBN. (2020). Tugas Pokok dan Fungsi BKKBN. https://www.bkkbn.go.id/pages/tugas-pokok-dan-fungsi
Comrie-Thomson, L., Mavhu, W., Makungu, C., Nahar, Q., Khan, R., Davis, J., Stillo, E., Hamdani, S., Luchters, S., & Vaughan, C. (2019). Male involvement interventions and improved couples’ emotional relationships in Tanzania and Zimbabwe: ‘When we are walking together, I feel happy.’ Culture, Health and Sexuality, 0(0), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2019.1630564
Darroch, J. E., Sedgh, G., & Ball, H. (2011). Contraceptive Technologies : Responding to Women ’ s Needs. Guttmacher Institute, April, 1–51.
Dral, A. A., Tolani, M. R., Smet, E., Van Luijn, A., & Luijn, A. Van. (2018). Factors Influencing Male Involvement in Family Planning in Ntchisi District , Malawi – A Qualitative Study. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 22(December), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.29063/ajrh2018/v22i4.4
Gebrie, S. A., Abraha, Y. G., Garoma, D. A., Deribe, F. M., Tefera, M. H., & Morankar, S. (2017). Impact of male partner involvement on modern contraceptive use among married or partnered women in developing countries: a protocol for systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 15(12), 2837–2841. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003106
Ghanotakis, E., Hoke, T., Wilcher, R., Field, S., Mercer, S., Bobrow, E. A., Namubiru, M., Katirayi, L., & Mandera, I. (2017). Evaluation of a male engagement intervention to transform gender norms and improve family planning and HIV service uptake in Kabale, Uganda. Global Public Health, 12(10), 1297–1314. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2016.1168863
Haryanto, S. (2018). Engaging Men: Results of the MenCare+ Gender Justice Program in Indonesia. Journal of Men’s Studies, 26(1), 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060826517711158
Joshi, L. R. (2015). Male Participation in Family Planning: Human Behaviour Perspective. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 13(31), 188–195.
Kabagenyi, A., Jennings, L., Reid, A., Nalwadda, G., Ntozi, J., & Atuyambe, L. (2014). Barriers to male involvement in contraceptive uptake and reproductive health services : a qualitative study of men and women ’ s perceptions in two rural districts in Uganda Research suggests that male involvement can increase uptake and continuation of f. Reproductive Health, 11(21), 1–9.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2014). Situasi dan Analisis Keluarga Berencana. In Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (p. 2). Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. http://www.depkes.go.id/download.php?file=download/pusdatin/infodatin/infodatin-harganas.pdf
Koren, A., Giannetti, M., Hynes, R., & Favre, M. (2017). Integrating Male Reproductive Health Services: One University Clinic’s Story. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 43(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2015.1113594
Kriel, Y., Milford, C., Cordero, J., Suleman, F., Beksinska, M., Steyn, P., & Smit, J. A. (2019). Male partner influence on family planning and contraceptive use: Perspectives from community members and healthcare providers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Reproductive Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0749-y
Lumbantobing, D., Bemmelen, S. Van, Pratiwi, A. M., & Dhewy, A. (2019). Community Knowledge and Behavior Towards Unwanted Pregnancy in Eight Provinces of Sumatra: Between Religious, Customary and State Norms. Jurnal Perempuan, 24(3), 275–288. https://doi.org/10.18860/egalita.v0i0.2000
Mahmood, H., Khan, Z., & Masood, S. (2016). Effects of male literacy on family size: A cross sectional study conducted in Chakwal city. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 66(4), 399–403.
Mohammed, F., Musa, A., & Amano, A. (2016). Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among pregnant woman attending ANC at Gelemso General Hospital, Oromiya Region, East Ethiopia: A facility based cross-sectional study. BMC Women’s Health, 16(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-016-0335-1
Ouma, G., Karanja, S., & Udu, D. (2018). Factors Influencing Male Involvement in Safe Motherhood Among Communities in Kwale And Kilifi in Coastal Kenya. In Global Journal of Health Sciences (Vol. 3, Issue 1). www.iprjb.org
Pemerintah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. (2019). Perkembangan Unmet Need KB di DIY Menurut Kabupaten Kota. Aplikasi Dataku DIY. http://bappeda.jogjaprov.go.id/dataku/data_dasar/index/646-perkembang%250Aan-unmet-need-kb-di-diy-menurut-kabupaten-kota%250A
Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik—BPS) National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) and Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes—MOH) and ICF International. (2018). Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. BPS, BKKBN, Kemenkes, and ICF International.
Sutinah, S. (2017). Partisipasi laki-laki dalam program Keluarga Berencana di era masyarakat postmodern. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 30(3), 290. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v30i32017.290-299