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Diabetes melitus merupakan dianggap sebagai pasien paliatif karena sifat penyakitnya yang kronis dan progresif sehinga menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang memerlukan pendekatan komprehensif, termasuk edukasi dan skrining rutin, untuk mencegah komplikasi dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup, terutama pada pasien paliatif. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan oleh tim Bagian Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya pada 4 Desember 2024 di Desa Teluk Kecapi, Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. Dengan melibatkan 41 peserta, kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang DM melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi menggunakan media poster. Metode yang digunakan meliputi registrasi, pemeriksaan gula darah sewaktu, pengisian kuesioner pre-test, penyampaian materi edukasi, dan evaluasi melalui pengisian kuesioner post-test. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada skor median pengetahuan peserta, dari 7,97 (sebelum kegiatan) menjadi 11,5 (setelah kegiatan). Hal ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan kesehatan yang terstruktur dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pengelolaan Diabetes Melitus dan skrining terhadap komplikasi. Kegiatan ini juga menggarisbawahi urgensi implementasi program skrining dan edukasi berbasis komunitas untuk mendukung pengendalian Diabetes melitus secara optimal dan berkelanjutan
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Referensi
- Adamíková, A. (2016). Education of a patient with diabetes - An integral part of complex therapy. Vnitrni Lekarstvi, 66(11), 4S21-4S25.
- Albuquerque, C., Correia, C., & Ferreira, M. (2015). Knowledge of people with type 2 diabetes about their disease and their influence in treatment adherence. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2015, 277–283.
- Al-Ghamdi, A. J., Al-Turki, K. A., Al-Baghli, N. A., & El-Zubaier, A. G. (2007). A community-based screening campaign for the detection of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the eastern province, Saudi Arabia: Methods and participation rates. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 14(3), 91–97.
- Alyazidi, F., Shakely, D., Petzold, M., Alyazidi, F., & Hussain-Alkhateeb, L. (2023). Community perception of causes of death using verbal autopsy for diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001690
- Bettencourt-Silva, R., Aguiar, B., Sá-Araújo, V., Barreira, R., Guedes, V., Marques Ribeiro, M. J., Carvalho, D., Östlundh, L., & Paulo, M. S. (2019). Diabetes-related symptoms, acute complications and management of diabetes mellitus of patients who are receiving palliative care: A protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028604
- Cheng, B. (2024). The Role of Health Education Campaigns in Promoting Preventive Care and Early Screening in Rural China. American Journal of Health Behavior, 48(5), 1400–1410. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.48.5.19
- Dunning, T. L. (2020). Palliative and End-of-Life Care: Vital Aspects of Holistic Diabetes Care of Older People With Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum : A Publication of the American Diabetes Association, 33(3), 246–254. https://doi.org/10.2337/ds20-0014
- Johnston, G. M., Lethbridge, L., Talbot, P., Dunbar, M., Jewell, L., Henderson, D., D’Intino, A. F., & McIntyre, P. (2015). Identifying Persons with Diabetes Who Could Benefit from a Palliative Approach to Care. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 39(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.01.009
- Khatri, B., Kayastha, M., Shrestha, R., Bhattarai, J. R., Majhi, S., Upadhyay, S. K., Upadhyay, M. P., & Kafle, K. K. (2022). Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Outpatients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 60(251), 592–595. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7027
- Koeppen, J., Sinclair, P. M., & Guilhermino, M. (2024). The CKD-DETECT V2.0 study: A randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an infographic poster compared with an e-learning program on general practice nurses’ knowledge and learning efficiency about chronic kidney disease risk factors and . Nurse Education in Practice, 78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103973
- Modlińska, A. (2018). Diabetic patient in palliative care. Palliative Medicine in Practice, 12(1), 11–20.
- Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. (2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia 2021. PB PERKENI.
- Rohmah, U. N., Rosliany, N., Pipin, A., Azelitha Zahra, Cahya Barca, & Fadhillah, Y. Y. (2023). Promosi Kesehatan Dengan Penerapan Program Kesehatan Paru Post Pandemi Di RW 02 Sumur Batu DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bakti Parahita, 4(1), 33–40.
- Shiferaw, W. S., Gatew, A., Afessa, G., Asebu, T., Petrucka, P. M., & Aynalem, Y. A. (2020). Assessment of knowledge and perceptions towards diabetes mellitus and its associated factors among people in Debre Berhan town, northeast Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 15(10 October). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240850
- Shrestha, R., Singh, P., Dhakhwa, P., Tetali, S., Batchu, T., & Thapa, P. S. (2021). Augmenting the Referral Pathway for Retinal Services among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Reiyukai Eiko Masunaga Eye Hospital, Nepal: Protocol for a Nonrandomized, Pre-Post Intervention Study. JMIR Research Protocols, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.2196/33116
- Świątoniowska, N., Sarzyńska, K., Szymańska-Chabowska, A., & Jankowska-Polańska, B. (2019). The role of education in type 2 diabetes treatment. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 151, 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.004
- Szigeti, N., Frank, N., Wittmann, I., & Csikos, A. (2022). Management of diabetes in patients receiving palliative care. Orvosi Hetilap, 163(31), 1231–1236. https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2022.32551
- Tabitha, R., Syarif, S., & Wahyono, T. Y. M. (2024). Factors Related to the Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in the Kebon Baru Primary Health Center in South Jakarta in 2020. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 7(7), 1884–1895. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v7i7.5444
Referensi
Adamíková, A. (2016). Education of a patient with diabetes - An integral part of complex therapy. Vnitrni Lekarstvi, 66(11), 4S21-4S25.
Albuquerque, C., Correia, C., & Ferreira, M. (2015). Knowledge of people with type 2 diabetes about their disease and their influence in treatment adherence. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2015, 277–283.
Al-Ghamdi, A. J., Al-Turki, K. A., Al-Baghli, N. A., & El-Zubaier, A. G. (2007). A community-based screening campaign for the detection of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the eastern province, Saudi Arabia: Methods and participation rates. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 14(3), 91–97.
Alyazidi, F., Shakely, D., Petzold, M., Alyazidi, F., & Hussain-Alkhateeb, L. (2023). Community perception of causes of death using verbal autopsy for diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001690
Bettencourt-Silva, R., Aguiar, B., Sá-Araújo, V., Barreira, R., Guedes, V., Marques Ribeiro, M. J., Carvalho, D., Östlundh, L., & Paulo, M. S. (2019). Diabetes-related symptoms, acute complications and management of diabetes mellitus of patients who are receiving palliative care: A protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028604
Cheng, B. (2024). The Role of Health Education Campaigns in Promoting Preventive Care and Early Screening in Rural China. American Journal of Health Behavior, 48(5), 1400–1410. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.48.5.19
Dunning, T. L. (2020). Palliative and End-of-Life Care: Vital Aspects of Holistic Diabetes Care of Older People With Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum : A Publication of the American Diabetes Association, 33(3), 246–254. https://doi.org/10.2337/ds20-0014
Johnston, G. M., Lethbridge, L., Talbot, P., Dunbar, M., Jewell, L., Henderson, D., D’Intino, A. F., & McIntyre, P. (2015). Identifying Persons with Diabetes Who Could Benefit from a Palliative Approach to Care. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 39(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.01.009
Khatri, B., Kayastha, M., Shrestha, R., Bhattarai, J. R., Majhi, S., Upadhyay, S. K., Upadhyay, M. P., & Kafle, K. K. (2022). Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Outpatients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 60(251), 592–595. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7027
Koeppen, J., Sinclair, P. M., & Guilhermino, M. (2024). The CKD-DETECT V2.0 study: A randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an infographic poster compared with an e-learning program on general practice nurses’ knowledge and learning efficiency about chronic kidney disease risk factors and . Nurse Education in Practice, 78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103973
Modlińska, A. (2018). Diabetic patient in palliative care. Palliative Medicine in Practice, 12(1), 11–20.
Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. (2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia 2021. PB PERKENI.
Rohmah, U. N., Rosliany, N., Pipin, A., Azelitha Zahra, Cahya Barca, & Fadhillah, Y. Y. (2023). Promosi Kesehatan Dengan Penerapan Program Kesehatan Paru Post Pandemi Di RW 02 Sumur Batu DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bakti Parahita, 4(1), 33–40.
Shiferaw, W. S., Gatew, A., Afessa, G., Asebu, T., Petrucka, P. M., & Aynalem, Y. A. (2020). Assessment of knowledge and perceptions towards diabetes mellitus and its associated factors among people in Debre Berhan town, northeast Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 15(10 October). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240850
Shrestha, R., Singh, P., Dhakhwa, P., Tetali, S., Batchu, T., & Thapa, P. S. (2021). Augmenting the Referral Pathway for Retinal Services among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Reiyukai Eiko Masunaga Eye Hospital, Nepal: Protocol for a Nonrandomized, Pre-Post Intervention Study. JMIR Research Protocols, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.2196/33116
Świątoniowska, N., Sarzyńska, K., Szymańska-Chabowska, A., & Jankowska-Polańska, B. (2019). The role of education in type 2 diabetes treatment. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 151, 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.004
Szigeti, N., Frank, N., Wittmann, I., & Csikos, A. (2022). Management of diabetes in patients receiving palliative care. Orvosi Hetilap, 163(31), 1231–1236. https://doi.org/10.1556/650.2022.32551
Tabitha, R., Syarif, S., & Wahyono, T. Y. M. (2024). Factors Related to the Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in the Kebon Baru Primary Health Center in South Jakarta in 2020. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 7(7), 1884–1895. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v7i7.5444