Kontinuitas dan Perubahan Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam dari Masa Klasik hingga Abad Pertengahan (850-1350 H/1446-1932 M)
Abstract
Pemikiran ekonomi Islam pada periode klasik dan pertengahan menandai zaman ketika konsep ekonomi Islam mulai berkembang secara signifikan. Tokoh-tokoh utama seperti Ibnu Taimiyah, Ibnu Khaldun, dan Abu Ishaq Al-Syatibi memberikan kontribusi penting dalam membentuk paradigma ekonomi Islam. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menyelidiki kontinuitas dan perubahan dalam pemikiran ekonomi Islam dari masa klasik hingga abad pertengahan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif menggunakan literature review. Analisis data dalam penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini akan dilakukan melalui pendekatan interpretatif. Temuan mengungkapkan bahwa pemikiran Ibnu Taimiyah, Ibnu Khaldun, dan Abu Ishaq Al-Syatibi memberikan landasan yang kuat bagi pengembangan ekonomi Islam dari masa klasik hingga abad pertengahan. Gagasan-gagasan mereka tentang keadilan ekonomi, distribusi kekayaan, peran negara, dan pentingnya mempertimbangkan kepentingan umum tetap relevan dalam menghadapi tantangan ekonomi kontemporer. Implementasi gagasan-gagasan ini dapat memiliki dampak nyata dalam memperbaiki ketidaksetaraan ekonomi, meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, dan mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Implikasi dari pemikiran ekonomi Islam adalah perlunya penerapan kebijakan ekonomi yang lebih adil dan inklusif, dengan mengutamakan kepentingan umum dalam regulasi harga, pemungutan pajak, dan pembangunan ekonomi.
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