Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Memutuskan Perkara Dispensasi Kawin Perspektif Maslahah dan Kepentingan Terbaik Anak

(Studi Putusan Nomor 1009/Pdt.P/2024/PA.Sby dan No. 335/Pdt.P/2021/PA.Smd)

Authors

  • Nurnanda UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v15i2.32576

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh ambivalensi putusan di Pengadilan Agama, di mana dua perkara dengan kondisi kehamilan pra-nikah pada anak menghasilkan putusan kontradiktif. Masalah berfokus pada perbedaan pertimbangan hukum hakim antara permohonan dispensasi kawin yang dikabulkan dan yang dinyatakan tidak dapat diterima (NO). Penelitian bertujuan membedah penerapan penafsiran hakim terhadap kemaslahatan dan pelindungan hak anak pada kedua putusan tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan yuridis-empiris deskriptif analitis dengan pisau analisis teori kepentingan terbaik bagi anak dan maslahah. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pada putusan pertama, hakim mengabulkan permohonan demi keadilan substantif guna menghindari kerusakan sosial dan keagamaan yang lebih besar bagi ibu dan janin. Sebaliknya, pada putusan kedua, hakim menyatakan permohonan tidak dapat diterima akibat cacat formil permohonan kabur (obscuur libel) dan adanya penolakan dari calon mempelai laki-laki. Hakim menilai penolakan perkawinan dini yang dipaksakan lebih menjamin kepentingan terbaik anak.

 

Kata Kunci: Dispensasi Kawin; Kepentingan Terbaik Anak; Maslahah.

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Published

30-08-2026

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam

Section

Artikel

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