Analisis Yuridis Putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Lhokseumawe Nomor 4/JN/2022/MS.Lsm Tentang Kebenaran Materiil Dalam Perkara Pemerkosaan Dan Pelecehan Seksual

Authors

  • Muhammad Said Harahap Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.
  • Fauziah Lubis Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v15i1.30664

Abstract

Penegakan hukum jinayat di Aceh bertujuan mewujudkan keadilan substantif melalui pencapaian kebenaran materiil dalam setiap putusan. Namun, dalam praktiknya, masih ditemukan problematika kualifikasi hukum yang berpotensi mengaburkan perlindungan terhadap korban, khususnya kelompok rentan. Penelitian ini berangkat dari persoalan adanya dugaan ketidaksesuaian antara fakta hukum yang terungkap di persidangan dengan kualifikasi jarimah dalam Putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Lhokseumawe Nomor 4/JN/2022/MS.Lsm. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah: (1) apakah pertimbangan hakim telah mencerminkan kebenaran materiil; dan (2) apakah penentuan kualifikasi jarimah telah sesuai dengan unsur-unsur pemerkosaan sebagaimana diatur dalam Qanun Jinayat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian antara fakta persidangan, pertimbangan hukum hakim, dan penerapan norma hukum jinayat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kasus (case approach) dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach), disertai analisis konseptual terhadap doktrin kebenaran materiil dalam hukum pidana Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa majelis hakim membatasi unsur pemaksaan pada kekerasan fisik semata dan tidak mempertimbangkan secara memadai eksploitasi kerentanan korban penyandang disabilitas intelektual sebagai bentuk pemaksaan nonfisik. Akibatnya, perbuatan yang secara substansial memenuhi unsur jarimah pemerkosaan justru dikualifikasikan sebagai pelecehan seksual. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkuat diskursus akademik mengenai pentingnya pendekatan substantif dalam pembuktian jarimah pemerkosaan, khususnya terhadap korban rentan, serta mendorong konsistensi penerapan prinsip kebenaran materiil guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hak korban dalam penegakan hukum jinayat di Aceh.

Kata Kunci: Kebenaran Material; Pemerkosaan; Pelecehan Seksual; Qanun Jinayat; Jarīmah Ta'zīr.

Downloads

Published

18-02-2026

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam

Section

Artikel

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Said Harahap, Fauziah Lubis

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam, Departmen Islamic Family Law, Faculty Of Islamic Religiuos, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya as publisher of the journal.

Copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. The reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases and its transmission by any form or media, such as electronic, electrostatic and mechanical copies, photocopies, recordings, magnetic media, etc., will be allowed only with a written permission from Jurnal Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam, Departmen Islamic Family Law, Faculty Of Islamic Religiuos, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya.

Faculty Of Islamic Religiuos Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, the Editors and the Advisory Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the Maqasid are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.

Rights of Authors
The Jurnal Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam, Departmen Islamic Family Law, Faculty Of Islamic Religiuos, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya recognize the retention of the following:

  • Patent and trademark rights and rights to any process or procedure described in the article.
  • The right to photocopy or make single electronic copies of the article for their own personal use, including for their own classroom use, or for the personal use of colleagues, provided the copies are not offered for sale and are not distributed in a systematic way outside of their employing institution (e.g. via an e-mail list or public file server). Posting of an article on a secure network (not accessible to the public) within the author’s institution is permitted.
  • The right, subsequent to publication, to use the article or any part thereof free of charge in a printed compilation of works of their own, such as collected writings or lecture notes.