Penetapan Tanah Hak Guna Bangunan Sebagai Objek Penertiban Tanah Terlantar Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v15i1.30611Abstract
Tanah merupakan sumber utama dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar manusia mulai dari tempat tinggal hingga kegiatan ekonomi dan pembangunan infrastruktur. Namun, banyak tanah HGB yang sengaja dibiarkan terlantar untuk kepentingan spekulatif, sehingga menghambat fungsi sosial atas tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketentuan hukum positif mengenai penetapan tanah HGB sebagai objek penertiban tanah terlantar serta menilai kebijakan tersebut melalui perspektif Maslahah Mursalah. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual, menggunakan bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan bahan hukum sekunder berupa literatur hukum agraria serta Maslahah Mursalah, teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penetapan tanah HGB sebagai objek penertiban tanah terlantar berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 20 Tahun 2021 tentang Penertiban Kawasan dan Tanah Terlantar didasarkan pada kriteria tidak diusahakan, tidak dipergunakan, tidak dimanfaatkan, atau tidak dipelihara, serta tahapan penetapan mulai dari evaluasi, pemberian peringatan, hingga penetapan administratif. Kebijakan ini dibenarkan secara syar’i karena mencegah kemudaratan sosial akibat penelantaran aset produktif dan mendukung Maqashid Syariah untuk menjaga harta (Hifz Al-Mal) dan keberlangsungan hidup masyarakat (Hifz Al-Nafs).Penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan mengintegrasikan analisis hukum agraria positif dan perspektif Maslahah Mursalah sebagai kerangka normatif-etis dalam menilai kebijakan penertiban tanah terlantar, yang belum banyak dikaji dalam penelitian sebelumnya.
Kata Kunci: Penetapan; Tanah; Hak Guna Bangunan; Terlantar; Maslahah Mursalah.
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