Restrukturisasi Pembiayaan Dalam Kondisi Force Majeure sebagai Instrumen Perlindungan Hukum Nasabah Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v15i1.30236Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum nasabah melalui mekanisme restrukturisasi pembiayaan dalam kondisi force majeure pada Bank Syariah Nasional Kantor Cabang Cirebon ditinjau dari perspektif hukum positif dan hukum Islam berbasis maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang memadukan kajian normatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan dan fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia dengan data lapangan. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari undang-undang, peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, dan literatur hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme restrukturisasi pembiayaan yang diterapkan telah sesuai dengan regulasi OJK dan prinsip perlindungan konsumen, serta memenuhi asas keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan kemanfaatan. Dalam perspektif maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, restrukturisasi pembiayaan mencerminkan upaya menjaga kemaslahatan melalui perlindungan harta, jiwa, dan keberlangsungan kehidupan nasabah dengan menerapkan kaidah al-masyaqqah tajlib al-taysīr. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa restrukturisasi pembiayaan dalam kondisi force majeure bukan hanya kebijakan teknis perbankan, melainkan instrumen perlindungan hukum yang memiliki legitimasi yuridis dan nilai etis syariah.
Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum Nasabah; Restrukturisasi Pembiayaan; Force Majeure; Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘ah; Perbankan Syariah.
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