Analisis Hubungan Suami Istri Pada Pasangan Pengidap HIV/AIDS Di Desa Simalas Perspektif Maqasid Syariah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v14i3.28880Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menegaskan dasar penetapan hukum Hubungan Suami-Istri pada keluarga yang berhadapan dengan HIV dengan kompas Maqasid Syariah, khususnya ḥifẓ al-nafs (perlindungan jiwa) dan ḥifẓ al-nasl (perlindungan keturunan). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan rancangan normatif–empirik (sosiolegal). Dengan pendekatan Maqasid, analisis dilakukan secara tematik lalu ditimbang menggunakan kaidah sadd al-dzarī‘ah, dar’ al-mafāsid, dan lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan penyuluh agama, tenaga kesehatan puskesmas, dan pihak terdampak di Desa Simalas; dilengkapi observasi terbatas serta telaah dokumen layanan. Temuan menunjukkan model keputusan bertahap berbasis risiko: Hubungan Suami-Istri ditunda ketika terapi antiretroviral belum patuh, viral load masih terdeteksi atau belum dipantau, pengungkapan status tidak aman, dan penggunaan kondom tidak konsisten; kebolehan bersyarat dipertimbangkan saat pencegahan memadai-terapi patuh hingga viral load tidak terdeteksi, kondom konsisten, disclosure atau aPN yang aman, konseling berulang, serta opsi PrEP bagi pasangan yang negatif. Implikasi teoretis: hasil ini memperkaya kajian hukum keluarga Islam kontemporer berbasis Maqasid. Implikasi praktis: temuan mendukung penguatan kurikulum bimbingan pranikah dan praktik konseling pasangan di layanan primer, serta menyediakan panduan mikro bagi penyuluh agama dan tenaga kesehatan agar keputusan keluarga lebih aman, jelas, dan bermartabat.
Kata Kunci: Maqasid Syariah; HIV/AIDS; Hubungan Suami–Istri; Hukum Keluarga Islam; Sadd Al-Dzari‘Ah.
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