Implementasi Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘ah dalam Pertimbangan Hakim pada Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/mqsd.v14i3.28691Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dalam pertimbangan hakim pada penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah di lingkungan Peradilan Agama. Dalam konteks peradilan, hakim tidak hanya berperan sebagai penegak hukum positif, tetapi juga sebagai penjamin tercapainya kemaslahatan umat sesuai dengan nilai-nilai dasar maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah seperti keadilan, keseimbangan, dan perlindungan hak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif-kualitatif terhadap sejumlah putusan pengadilan yang berkaitan dengan sengketa ekonomi syariah. Data diperoleh melalui studi dokumen, kajian literatur hukum Islam, serta wawancara dengan hakim peradilan agama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah telah digunakan sebagai landasan moral dan filosofis dalam menimbang aspek keadilan substantif dan kemaslahatan ekonomi para pihak, namun penerapannya belum seragam karena perbedaan pemahaman dan penafsiran antarhakim terhadap nilai-nilai maqāṣid. Temuan ini berimplikasi pada pentingnya penguatan paradigma maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dalam kurikulum pendidikan hukum, pelatihan berkelanjutan bagi hakim, dan penyusunan pedoman teknis peradilan agar putusan lebih mencerminkan keadilan substantif dan kemaslahatan publik. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis integratif antara teori maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah dan praktik penalaran hukum hakim dalam perkara ekonomi syariah, serta tawaran model konseptual penalaran hukum berbasis maqāṣid sebagai alternatif terhadap pendekatan positivistik yang selama ini dominan dalam praktik peradilan ekonomi syariah di Indonesia.
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Kata Kunci: Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘Ah, Pertimbangan Hakim, Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah, Keadilan Substantif.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Warsidi Warsidi; Sami Ullah Khan; Suhartono

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