Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Transparansi Pemerintahan Kota: Indonesia Bagian Tengah Dan Timur
Kata Kunci:
transparansi pemerintah; skala pemerintahan kota; pelaporan keuangan; responsivitas administrasi kota; lingkungan politikAbstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji faktor-faktor penentu transparansi pemerintah kota di wilayah Indonesia Tengah dan Timur selama periode 2019–2023, dengan fokus pada empat variabel: skala pemerintahan, kualitas pelaporan keuangan, responsivitas administratif, dan lingkungan politik. Dengan menggunakan regresi logistik ordinal pada data sekunder dari 21 pemerintah kota (105 pengamatan), temuan menunjukkan bahwa ukuran pemerintah memiliki efek positif dan signifikan terhadap transparansi pemerintah kota (β = 0,725, p = 0,002), yang mengindikasikan bahwa pemerintah yang lebih besar dengan kapasitas kelembagaan yang lebih besar cenderung mencapai tingkat transparansi yang lebih tinggi. Sebaliknya, kualitas pelaporan keuangan (p = 0,713), responsivitas administratif (p = 0,404), dan lingkungan politik (p = 0,757) tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan secara statistik terhadap transparansi. Hasil ini menyiratkan bahwa transparansi pemerintah kota di Indonesia Tengah dan Timur lebih didorong oleh kapasitas struktural dan kelembagaan daripada oleh kinerja administratif atau kondisi politik. Keunikan studi ini terletak pada fokusnya pada konteks kota-kota di Indonesia Tengah dan Timur yang belum banyak dieksplorasi, dengan menggunakan regresi logistik ordinal untuk menangkap variasi hierarkis dalam tingkat transparansi, menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas kelembagaan—bukan kepatuhan administratif atau dinamika politik—adalah penentu utama pengungkapan informasi publik di wilayah dengan keterbatasan sumber daya. Pembuat kebijakan harus memprioritaskan penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, sumber daya manusia.
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