Penerapan Art Theraphy Menggambar Terhadap Perubahan Mental Emosional Pada Anak Usia Prasekolah : Case Report

Niswa Huril Aini; Muhammad Ari Arifianto

doi:10.30651/jkm.v11i3.31384

Penulis

Niswa Huril Aini Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Muhammad Ari Arifianto Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v11i3.31384

Kata Kunci:

Drawing Art Therapy, Mental and Emotional Changes, Preschool Children

Abstrak

Selama masa prasekolah, anak-anak secara alami dipenuhi dengan kegembiraan dan antusiasme; namun, kemajuan teknologi yang pesat telah berkontribusi pada perubahan perilaku anak-anak, yang menyebabkan peningkatan agresi dan disregulasi emosional. Masalah perilaku dan mental-emosional yang umum muncul pada tahap ini dapat membahayakan anak dan orang-orang di sekitarnya. Anak-anak usia prasekolah seringkali kesulitan dengan keterampilan sosial-emosional, yang pada gilirannya memengaruhi kesiapan sekolah mereka. Terapi menggambar (terapi seni) telah diusulkan sebagai intervensi non-verbal yang menyenangkan yang membantu anak-anak mengekspresikan pikiran dan perasaan sambil mengurangi ketegangan emosional. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan status mental-emosional anak setelah pemberian terapi seni berbasis menggambar. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain laporan kasus dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest. Populasi terdiri dari 32 siswa (15 dari TK A dan 17 dari TK B), dengan 2 siswa dipilih sebagai sampel melalui pengambilan sampel bertujuan — satu dari setiap kelas. Instrumen penilaian meliputi SOP terapi seni standar, Daftar Periksa Gejala Pediatrik (PSC-17), dan Kuesioner Kekuatan dan Kesulitan (SDQ). Hasil: Temuan keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa terapi menggambar memiliki dampak positif dalam mengurangi gejala mental-emosional pada anak-anak. Intervensi ini membantu anak-anak mengekspresikan emosi, mengurangi ketegangan, dan meningkatkan kapasitas pengaturan diri. Meskipun tidak semua domain menunjukkan pengurangan yang signifikan secara statistik, peningkatan yang terlihat dalam perilaku adaptif dan respons emosional dicatat setelah intervensi. Kesimpulan: Terapi seni berbasis menggambar menunjukkan potensi sebagai intervensi non-farmakologis yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental-emosional pada anak usia prasekolah, mendukung hasil perilaku dan emosional yang lebih adaptif.

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