Hubungan Tekanan Darah dan Obesitas Sentral dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II

Savitri Gemini; Regina Natalia

doi:10.30651/jkm.v8i4.20161

Authors

Savitri Gemini Prodi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Pendidikan Profesi Ners, Institut Kesehatan Mitra Bunda, Indonesia
Regina Natalia Prodi Sarjana Keperawatan dan Pendidikan Profesi Ners, Institut Kesehatan Mitra Bunda, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v8i4.20161

Keywords:

Blood Pressure, Central Obesity, Blood Sugar Levels, Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia which over time causes serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. This study aims to determine the relationship between blood pressure and central obesity with blood glucose levels in elderly people with type II diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This type of research includes analytical observational research using a cross sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 61 people using non probability with purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted in March 2023 and the research was conducted at the Sei Langkai Health Center, Batam City. In this study the variables to be studied are blood pressure, central obesity, and blood sugar levels. For unvariate analysis, the research results of each variable are presented in a frequency distribution and bivariate analysis of statistical tests used in this study is the chi square test.

Results: The results of the study of 61 elderly people mostly experienced a moderate increase in blood pressure with a moderate blood glucose level category, namely (26.2%), of 61 elderly people mostly experienced central obesity with poor blood glucose levels, namely (45.9%). The results of the analysis using chi-squere showed that there was a significant relationship between blood pressure and blood glucose levels with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, and central obesity with blood glucose levels in the elderly with a p-value of 0.001 <0.05.

Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus control efforts are one of the minimum services that must be carried out by local governments. With this guarantee, it is hoped that all patients with diabetes mellitus can be controlled and receive good management to avoid complications and death themselves and can reduce the cost burden due to diabetes mellitus and its complications.

References

ADA (American Diabetes Association). 2014. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diakses melalui http://www.diabetes.org pada 12 Juli 2018

American Diabetes Association. 2017. High Blood Pressure. http://www.diabetes.org/are-you-at-risk/ lower-your-risk/bloodpressure.html?referrer=https: //www.google.co.id/ dibuka 6 April 2018

Black & Hawks. 2008. Medical Surgical Nursing : Clinical Management for Positive Outcome 8th ed..Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Health

Decroli, E. (2019). Diabetes Melitus Tipe II ( afdol Kam, Alexander;effendi, yanne, Pradwi;decrolli,gerri,prima;rahmadi (Ed.); pertama). pusat penerbitan bagian ilmu penyakit dalam fakultas kedokteran Universitas Andalas.

Einarson TR, Acs A, Ludwig C, Panton UH. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a systematic literature review of scientific evidence from across the world in 2007-2017. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018 Jun 8;17(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12933-018-0728-6. PMID: 29884191; PMCID: PMC5994068.

Khan MAB, Hashim MJ, King JK, Govender RD, Mustafa H, Al Kaabi J. Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes - Global Burden of Disease and Forecasted Trends. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2020 Mar;10(1):107-111. doi: 10.2991/jegh.k.191028.001. PMID: 32175717; PMCID: PMC7310804.

Huda, S.A. 2016. Hubungan Antara Kadar Glukosa Darah Dengan Tekanan Darah Manusia Di RW 03 Kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Jakarta Selatan. Bioedukasi Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi 7 (2) : 144-152

Ichsantiarini, A.P. 2013, â€˜Hubungan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dengan Kendali Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Universitas Indonesia.

Oktaviani, S. (2018). Hubungan Kadar Gula Darah Terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia di Desa Junrejo Kota Batu. http://eprints.umm.ac.id/42434

PERKENI. 2015. Pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 di indonesia 2015. Available at: https://pbpperkeni.or.id (13 Agustus 2018)

Putra, H. F. (2020). Diet Dengan Kadar Gula Darah Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe Ii Di Poli Penyakit Dalam Rsud Raja Ahmad Tabib Tahun 2020 Program Studi S1 Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Keperawatan.

Raphaeli, H.K. 2017. Hubungan Kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Yang Baru Didiagnosis Di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Rsu Siti Hajar Medan Tahun 2015-2017. Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan. Skripsi

Reswan, H., Alioes, Y., & Rita, R. S. (2017). Gambaran Glukosa Darah pada Lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin. 6(3), 673â€“678. https://doi.org/10.2523/17967-ms

Sari, N. N. (2019). Hubungan Obesitas Sentral Dengan Kejadian Diabetes Mellitus Tipe Ii. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Sai Betik, 14(2), 157. https://doi.org/10.26630/jkep.v14i2.1299

Septyaningrum, N., & Martini, S. (2014). Lingkar Perut Mempunyai Hubungan Paling Kuat dengan Kadar Gula Darah. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 2(1), 48â€“58.

Setiyorini, E., Wulandari, N. A., & Efyuwinta, A. (2018). Hubungan kadar gula darah dengan tekanan darah pada lansia penderita Diabetes Tipe 2. Jurnal Ners Dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery), 5(2), 163â€“171. https://doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v5i2.art.p163-171

Subiyanto, paulus. (2019). Asuhan Keperawatan Pada Pasien Dengan Gangguan Sistem Endokrin. Pustaka Baru Press.

Susilawati, Muljati, Krisnawati. 2011. Perbandingan IMT dan indikator obesitas sentral terhadap kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2. Available at: https://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id (2 Januari 2019)

Tortora & Derrickson. 2012. Principle of Anatomy and Physiology. USA: John Wiley and Sons Inc

Tanto C., dan Hustrini M.N., 2014. Sindrom Nefrotik-Kapita Selekta Kedokteran essentials medicine. Jilid II Edisi IV. Jakarta : Media Aeculapius

Winta, A.E, Erni S, Ning A.W. 2018. Hubungan Kadar Gula Darah Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Tipe 2. Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan 5 (2) : 163-171