Hubungan Kelompok Usia Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat  Pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner  Di RSUD Dr. Iskak Tulungagung

Aurel Barqi Kenaya; Taufan Arif; Tri Cahyo Sepdianto; Kissa Bahari

doi:10.30651/jkm.v11i3.30838

Authors

Aurel Barqi Kenaya Poltekkes Malang, Jurusan Keperawatan
Taufan Arif Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Kota Malang, Indonesia
Tri Cahyo Sepdianto Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Kota Malang, Indonesia
Kissa Bahari Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Kota Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v11i3.30838

Keywords:

Age group, Medication Adherence, Coronary hearth disease

Abstract

Objective: Coronary heart disease (CHD) requires lifelong pharmacological therapy to prevent complications, yet medication adherence remains a major challenge. Age is considered an important factor influencing patients perception of disease and adherence behavior. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age groups and medication adherence among patients with coronary heart disease at RSUD Dr. Iskak Tulungagung.

Methods: This study employed an analytic cross-sectional design involving 60 patients with coronary heart disease who attended the Cardiology Outpatient Clinic at RSUD Dr. Iskak Tulungagung. Samples were selected using purposive sampling. Age group was categorized based on the Indonesian Ministry of Health classification, while medication adherence was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and Spearman Rank correlation test.

Results: The majority of respondents were male and belonged to the late elderly (56–65 years) and very elderly (>65 years) age groups. Most patients showed high medication adherence (83.3%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between age and medication adherence (r = 0.433; p = 0.000), indicating that older patients tended to have higher adherence levels compared to younger patients.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between age groups and medication adherence among CHD patients. Older patients demonstrate better adherence, suggesting that age-specific strategies are needed to improve medication adherence, particularly among younger patients with coronary heart disease.

References

American Heart Association. (2022). Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: A Report from the American Heart Association. In Circulation (Vol. 145, Number 8). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001052

Deery, C., Marconi, G., Ottosen, K., Hwang, K., Prasad, M., Wong, P., Garratt, S., & Manias, E. (2026). Family engagement in the medication management of older adults during transitions of care: A mixed methods systematic review. In International Journal of Nursing Studies (Vol. 174). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105305

Faridi, K. F., Peterson, E. D., McCoy, L. A., Thomas, L., Enriquez, J., & Wang, T. Y. (2016). Timing of first postdischarge follow-up and medication adherence after acute myocardial infarction. JAMA Cardiology, 1(2), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0001

Gast, A., & Mathes, T. (2019). Medication adherence influencing factors - An (updated) overview of systematic reviews. BMC Systematic Reviews, 8(1), 2–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-1014-8

Ge, L., Heng, B. H., & Yap, C. W. (2023). Understanding reasons and determinants of medication non-adherence in community-dwelling adults: a cross-sectional study comparing young and older age groups. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09904-8

Herdiman, & Nurdina, G. (2023). Factors Affecting Medication Adherence in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 9 (1), 54–57. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v9i3.1590

Hyvert, S., Yailian, A. L., Haesebaert, J., Vignot, E., Chapurlat, R., Dussart, C., De Freminville, H., & Janoly-Dumenil, A. (2022). Association between health literacy and medication adherence in chronic diseases: a recent systematic review. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 2022 45:1, 45(1), 38–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-022-01470-z

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2018. Kemenkes RI. Jakarta.

Krueger, K., Botermann, L., Schorr, S. G., Griese-Mammen, N., Laufs, U., & Schulz, M. (2015). Age-relatedmedication adherence in patients with chronic heart failure: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Cardiology, 184(1), 728–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.042

Lee, E., & Choi, M. K. (2024). Factors associated with medication adherence among older adults with multimorbidity: A culture perspective. Geriatric Nursing, 55, 297–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.11.018

Patel, S., Huang, M., & Miliara, S. (2025). Understanding Treatment Adherence in Chronic Diseases: Challenges, Consequences, and Strategies for Improvement. In Journal of Clinical Medicine (Vol. 14, Number 17). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176034

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). QuickStats: Percentage of Adults Aged ≥18 Years Who Did Not Take Their Medication as Prescribed Because of Cost, by Number of Chronic Conditions - National Health Interview Survey, 2018. https://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs/2019/11/01/4681

Riani, D., Ikawati, Z., & Kristina, S. (2017). Validasi 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale Versi Indonesia Pada Pasien Hipertensi Dewasa Di Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman Dan Kota Yogyakarta [Tesis]. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.

Ruksakulpiwat, S., Schiltz, N. K., Irani, E., Josephson, R. A., Adams, J., & Still, C. H. (2024). Medication Adherence of Older Adults with Hypertension: A Systematic Review. In Patient Preference and Adherence (Vol. 18, pp. 957–975). Dove Medical Press Ltd. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S459678

Salsabila, P. A. (2023). Karakteristik Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner Yang Menjalani Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Di RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Periode 2018-2023 [Skripsi]. Universitas Sriwijaya. Palembang.

Samajdar, S. S., Tripathi, R., Venkatraman, S., Mukherjee, S., Pal, J., Tripathi, S. K., Joshi, S. R., & Maheshwari, A. (2024). Medication adherence in the elderly: A comprehensive review. National Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2(3), 143–147. https://doi.org/10.4103/njpt.njpt_60_24

Smaje, A., Weston-Clark, M., Raj, R., Orlu, M., Davis, D., & Rawle, M. (2018). Factors associated with medication adherence in older patients: A systematic review. Aging Medicine, 1(3), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12045

Subih, M. M., Abu Saleh, F., & Malak, M. Z. (2023). Medication adherence among patients with cardiovascular diseases: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Research in Nursing, 28(4), 272–282. https://doi.org/10.1177/17449871231175737

Usri, N. A., Nurhikmawati, Nurmadilla, & Irmayanti. (2022). Karakteristik Faktor Risiko Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar Tahun 2020. Fakumi Medical Journal, 2 (9), 619–629. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33096/fmj.v2i9.117

World Health Organization. (2003). Adherence to long-term therapies : evidence for action. World Health Organization.

World Health Organization. (2019). Integrated care for older people (ICOPE): Guidance for person-centred assessment and pathways in primary care. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/326843

World Health Organization. (2022). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)

Zulfa, R. (2024). Analisis Tingkat Kepatuhan Penggunaan Obat Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) Di RSI Siti Khadijah Kota Palembang. [Skripsi]. Universitas Sriwijaya. Palembang.