PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH: GAMBARAN UMUM PROSES DAN DAMPAKNYA DALAM BELAJAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/sr.v6i2.14676Abstrak
This article describes the general process of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and researches investigating its productiveness. We also analyze several empirical and scientific studies that have overlooked the PBL process and the impact of its numerous components on student learning. This research is a qualitative research with a type of literature study. The results of this study explain that academic works collating the comparative efficacy of PBL are overall constant in giving a demonstration of advantages for long-term knowledge recognition and its application. Nevertheless, researches on the PBL procedure have not been able to summarize which element(s) of PBL most affect student learning, whereas causal studies suggest that all steps in PBL influence the results of student learning. It is suggested that all stages are necessary.
Keywords: Problem-based learning; Processes of learning; Group collaboration;Â Effectiveness of learning; Self-directed learning
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Dalam ulasan ini, kami memberikan gambaran umum tentang proses pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL: Problem-Based Learning) dan studi yang meneliti efektivitas PBL. Kami juga membahas sejumlah studi naturalistik dan empiris yang telah meneliti proses PBL dan bagaimana berbagai komponennya memengaruhi pembelajaran siswa. Penilitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa studi yang membandingkan efektivitas PBL umumnya relatif konsisten dalam membuktikan keunggulannya untuk retensi pengetahuan jangka panjang dan dalam penerapan pengetahuan. Studi tentang proses PBL, bagaimanapun, masih belum dapat menyimpulkan komponen mana dari PBL yang paling signifikan berdampak pada pembelajaran siswa, meskipun studi kausal telah menunjukkan bahwa semua fase PBL diperlukan dalam memengaruhi hasil belajar siswa.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran berbasis masalah; Proses belajar; Kolaborasi kelompok;Â Efektivitas belajar; Belajar mandiri.
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