Analisa Ketahanan Benturan Struktur Bumper Berbasis Material Komposit Hibrida Menggunakan Metode Finite Element Area (FEA)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30651/resem.v4i1.31777Abstrak
Kecelakaan lalu lintas, terutama tabrakan frontal, sering menyebabkan kerusakan parah pada struktur depan kendaraan. Bumper memainkan peran penting dalam menyerap energi benturan dan mengurangi kerusakan struktural. Studi ini menganalisis ketahanan benturan struktur bumper menggunakan Komposit Akrilonitril Butadiena Stirena (ABS), Komposit Hibrida Jute-Flax (JR), dan Komposit Coconut Shell Particle Polypropylene (PPCSP) melalui Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Geometri bumper dirancang menggunakan software SolidWorks dan disimulasikan menggunakan software ANSYS Workbench dengan metode dinamika eksplisit. Tiga kecepatan tabrakan diterapkan: 11110 mm/s, 15610 mm/s, dan 22220 mm/s. Kinerja dievaluasi berdasarkan deformasi total, tegangan von Mises, dan faktor keamanan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa komposit JR mencapai deformasi terendah dan faktor keamanan tertinggi, sedangkan PPCSP menunjukkan nilai tegangan yang lebih rendah pada kecepatan yang lebih tinggi. Dibandingkan dengan ABS, kedua komposit menunjukkan kinerja struktural yang lebih baik di bawah beban dinamis. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa komposit serat alami hibrida merupakan alternatif yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi bumper otomotif.
Kata Kunci: bumper, explicit dynamics, finite element analysis, hybrid composite, frontal crash
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