Maxillary canine impaction is the second most common eruption anomaly after third molar impaction, with a prevalence of 1–3% in the general population. This condition may lead to crowding, midline deviation, lateral incisor root resorption, malocclusion, and dentigerous cyst formation. This review aims to summarize the etiology, radiographic diagnosis, and management strategies based on current scientific evidence. Etiology is multifactorial, involving inadequate arch space, persistence of deciduous teeth, aberrant eruption paths, and hereditary factors. CBCT plays a crucial role in determining the exact location, inclination, and associated risks, guiding treatment planning. Management options include interceptive orthodontics, surgical exposure with orthodontic traction, and odontectomy for teeth with poor prognosis. Evidence shows that surgical exposure combined with orthodontic traction effectively repositions impacted canines into the arch, while odontectomy is indicated for deeply positioned or horizontally impacted canines. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary collaboration significantly improve treatment outcomes.
