Faktor Risiko pada Peningkatan Kasus Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) di Indonesia: Tinjauan Literatur

Benny Chandra; Riza Fikriana; Wiwit Dwi Nurbadriyah

doi:10.30651/jkm.v10i1.25482

Penulis

Benny Chandra Universitas Kepanjen
Riza Fikriana
Wiwit Dwi Nurbadriyah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v10i1.25482

Kata Kunci:

faktor risiko, Indonesia, multidrug-resistant, tuberculosis

Abstrak

Tujuan: menganalisis faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi MDR-TB di Indonesia melalui pengamatan literatur.

Metode: Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor risiko peningkatan kasus MDR-TB di Indonesia melalui pengamatan literatur. Artikel relevan (2020-2024) dari Google Scholar, Garuda Kemdikbud, dan ResearchGate dipilih, dengan analisis akhir pada 9 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.

Hasil: Kejadian MDR-TB dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal seperti riwayat pengobatan, ketersediaan obat, status gizi, komorbiditas, efek samping obat, dan merokok, serta faktor eksternal seperti kepadatan tempat tinggal, dukungan sosial, ekonomi, akses layanan kesehatan, peran PMO, kontak dengan pasien MDR-TB, dan jenis pekerjaan berisiko.

Kesimpulan: Pencegahan MDR-TB dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan program DOT, memanfaatkan teknologi, memberikan edukasi kepada pasien, dan mengelola faktor risiko seperti kebiasaan merokok, malnutrisi, serta komorbiditas. Selain itu, memperluas akses ke layanan kesehatan, memperkuat dukungan sosial, dan menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih sehat juga berperan penting dalam mencegah penyebaran serta mendukung keberhasilan pengobatan MDR-TB.

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