The Effect Of Pagoda Leaf Extract (Clerodendrum Paniculatum L) On The IL-10 Level In Mammae Of Female Rats Strain (Sprague Dawley) Induced With Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria
Article Sidebar
Abstract
Mastitis is an infectious disease problems of found in breast feeding usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus. When Staphylococcus aureus bacteria enters the body’s tissues, IL-10 immune will active helped prevent cell broken. The immune system will get worse if there is no treatment. So that it takes complementary therapies like pagoda leaves, The content of the pagoda contains tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids, where is this compound can to improve immune system. This study aims to determine the effect of pagoda leaf extract on IL10 levels in rats induced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The type of research used in this study is true experimental with pre and posttest control design. The use of 15 Sprague Dawley strain rats divided into 3 groups: 5 negative control groups (aqua pro injections 1ml/gramBB) five tails were all given standard feed, positive control group (Amoxicilin with 9.6ml / 250gramBB ) five tails were all given standard feed, and treatment group (Amoxicilin 9.6ml / 250gramBB plus pagoda leaf extract 50ml/250gramBB) five tails were all given standard feed. All groups were induced bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (0,2 mlx108ml/CFU). IL-10 levels were examined using the R & D method of the Enzyme Linked Immonosorbent Assay (ELISA) Rat system. Data analysis used ANOVA + post hoc test, with a significant value Ï â‰¤ 0, 05. This study showed no difference in levels of IL10 cytokines, before induced Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in all groups with values (Ï> 0.05). Whereas after the treatment was given, the value of Ï <0.05) between all groups showed that there was a difference in IL10 levels after treatment between all groups. In the negative control group, IL10 experienced a decrease (mean ± 10.4 pg / ml). While the increase in IL-10 levels was greater in the treatment group (mean ± 58.4 pg / ml), compared to the positive group (mean ± 41.8 pg / ml). The conclusion in this study is that pagoda leaf extract (Clerodendrum Paniculatum L) has an influence in increasing IL-10 levels as an anti-inflammatory. Pagoda leaf extract can be used as a complementary therapy
Keywords                   : Staphylococcus aureus , IL-10, Ekstrak Daun Pagoda
Correspondence         : israinisuriati@yahoo.com.
Abstrak
Mastitis adalah masalah penyakit infeksi yang ditemukan pada ibu menyusui yang biasanya disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus. Ketika bakteri Staphylococcus aureus masuk ke jaringan tubuh, kekebalan IL-10 akan aktif membantu mencegah sel- sel rusak. Sistem imun akan memburuk jika tidak ada penanganan. Sehingga dibutuhkan terapi komplementer seperti tanaman daun pagoda, kandungan dari tanaman daun pagoda terdiri dari tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids, di mana senyawa ini dapat meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah true experimental dengan rancangan pre dan posttest control design. Yang menggunakan tikus strain Sprague Dawley sebanyak 15 ekor yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (aqua pro injections) sebanyak 5 ekor semuanya diberikan pakan standar, kelompok kontrol positif (Amoxicilin dengan dosis 9,6ml/250gramBB) sebanyak 5 ekor semuanya diberikan pakan standar, dan kelompok perlakuan (Amoxicilin 9,6ml/250gramBB ditambah dengan ekstrak daun pagoda (50ml/250gramBB) 5 ekor semuanya diberikan pakan standar. Semua kelompok diinduksisikan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus 0,2 ml/CFU. Pemeriksaan kadar IL-10 menggunakan metode R & D system Enzyme Linked Immonosorbent Assay (ELISA) Rat. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA + post hoc, dengan nilai signifikan Ï â‰¤ 0, 05. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan kadar sitokin IL-10, sebelum diinduksikan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada semua kelompok dengan nilai (Ï > 0,05).. Sedangkan setelah diinduksikan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ± 24 jam semua kelompok mengalami penurunan kadar IL10 dengan nilai (Ï > 0,05). Setelah diberikan treatment diperoleh nilai Ï < 0,05) antara semua kelompok hal ini menunjukkan ada perbedaan kadar IL-10 setelah diberikan treatment antara semua kelompok. Pada kelompok kontrol negatif kadari IL-10 mengalami penurunan (rerata ± 10,4 pg/ml). Sedangkan peningkatan kadar IL-10 lebih besar pada kelompok perlakuan (rerata ± 58.4 pg/ml), dibandingkan pada kelompok positif (rerata ± 41.8 pg/ml ). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun pagoda (Clerodendrum Paniculatum L) memiliki pengaruh dalam meningkatkan kadar IL-10 sebagai anti-inflamasi. Ekstrak daun pagoda dapat dijadikan terapi komplementer.
Kata kunci     : Staphylococcus aureus, IL-10, Ekstrak Daun Pagoda
Korespondensi : israinisuriati@yahoo.com.
Â
ÂFull text article
References
Abbas AK, Licthman AH, Pillai Shiv. 2011. Cellular and molecular immunology, updates 7th Edition.Elsevier Saunders. Philadelphia.;327, 459-469.
Acuner Saliha Ece,et al,2013. The structural network of Interleukin-10 and its implications in inflammation and cancer/ Acuner-Ozbabacan et BMC Genomics
Amir, H Lisa. 2014. Breastfeeding Medicine,Mastitis, jurnal ABM Protocol, volume 9.pp.239
Angin M, King Melanie, Addo.MM. 2014. New tools to expand regulatory T cells from HIV-1 infected individuals, Published in final edited form as: J Vis Exp. (75): e50244
Ambarwati, 2008. Asuhan Kebidanan Nifas. Yogyakarta: Mitra Cendikia
Arianto, 2004. Anatomi Payudara dan Fisiologi Laktasi.
Baratawidjaja K, 2014 Rengganis I. Imunologi Dasar, edisi 11, balai penerbit Fakultas kedokteran UI. Jakarta. ISBN 978-979-496-819-2
Couper N Kevin, Blount G Daniel, Riley M Eleanor. IL-10: The Master Regulator of Immunity to Infection. Brief reviews journal immonology. Issn: 0022-1767
Charles, dinarello.2010. IL-1: Discoveries, controversies and future directions. Whenhein. Eur. J. Immunol. 2010.40: 595–653
Cholifah Noor., Astuti Dwi, 2015,Teraphy Praktik Per Awatan Payudara Dengan Kejadian Mastitis Pada Ibu Nifas Di Wilayah Puskesmas Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kudus, Jurnal University Research Coloquium ISSN 2407-9189.
Dixon Michael J, Khan R Lucy.2011. Treatment of breast infection, Clinical Review Volume 342, pp.484.
Florence Rajam Augustian, et al. 2012. Intra-specific variation of bioactive principles in select members of the genus Clerodendrum L. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research
Garcia YF, Jose LR, Abhay RS, Patricia TR., dkk. 2011. IL-10-IFN-γ Double Producers CD4+ T Cells Are Induced by Immunization with an Amastigote Stage Specific Derived Recombinant Protein of Trypanosoma Cruzi. International Journal of Biological Sciences tertilrlfiliclcieces ,pp. 7(8):1093-1100.
Guidelines, Mastitis And Breastfeeding, 2015. The Bestfeeding Nework. BMJ
Guideline and Procedure Manual Mastitis and Breast Abscess, 2012. The royal womens hospital.
Hafiz Ihsanul,Rosidah, Silalahi jansen.2016, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pagoda Leaves (Clerodendrum paniculatum L.) Ethanolic Extract in White Male Rats (Rattus novergicus).
H. Patel Shriram, Yati H,dkk. 2017. Culture independent assessment of human milk microbial community in lactational mastitis, jurnal Scientific Reports.
Hoensch Peter Harald, Weigmann Benno. 2018. Regulation of the intestinal immune system by flavonoids and its utility in chronic inflammatory bowel disease: World J Gastroenterol.
IDAI. 2013. Mastitis : Pencegahan dan Penanganan,Indonesian Pediatric Society, Jakarta
Jawetz, E., J.L. Melnick., E.A. Adelberg., G.F. Brooks., J.S. Butel., dan L.N. Ornston. 2005. Mikrobiologi Kedokteran. Edisi ke-20 (Alih bahasa :Nugroho & R.F.Maulany). Jakarta : Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. hal. 211,213,215.
Iyer Subramanian, Cheng Genhong. 2012 Role of Interleukin 10 Transcriptional Regulation in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease. Journal National intitut Healt Public, 32(1): 23–63..
Joseph J, Bindhu R.A, Aleykutty A.N. 2013, In Vitro And In vivo Antiinflammatory Activity Of Clerodendrum Paniculatum Linn Leaves.Indian, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Judarwanto Widodo. 2012, Imunologi Dasar: Mekanisme Pertahanan Tubuh Terhadap Bakteri. Children Allergy Online Clinic, Jakarta Indonesia.
Kumar Ashok, Creery David. 2000, The Theraupetik Potential Of Interleukin 10 In Infection And Inflamation. Journal Archivum Immonologiae et therapiae Eksperimentalis, ISSN 0004-069X.pp. 529-538
Katari Kamal, et al. 2012. Management of Lactational Mastitis and Breast Abscesses:Review of Current Knowledge and Practice. Review Article Association of Surgeons of India
Khanal Vishnu,et al. 2015. Incidence of Mastitis in the Neonatal Period In a Traditional Breastfeeding Society: Results of a Cohort Study Breastfeeding Medicine Volume 10
Lorrie Klosterman. 2009. immune system, china.
Liu Huimin, Li songli, Meng Lu, dkk. 2017. Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characterizationof Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy herds in northern China. Journal of Dairy Science Vol. 100 No.11
Leech M Jhon,et al, 2013. The Immunomodulatory Activity of Staphylococcus aureus Products Derived from Biofilm and Planktonic Cultures Arch. Immunol.
Musa Weni, Hersant,dkk. 2009. The Poriferasta Compound-5,22e,25-Trien-3-Oβ From Clerodendrum Paniculatum Leaf As Inducer Agent Of Systemic Resistance On Red Chilli Plant Capsicum Annuum L From Cucumber Mosaic Virus. Journal Indo. J. Chem., 2009, 9 (3), 479 – 486.
M. Praveen, K Radha, R Kumar H, V Padmaja, Dkk, 2012, Preliminary Phytochemical, antimicrobial and toxicity studies on Clerodendrum Paniculatum Linn Leaves.Hygeia, Journal For Drugs And Medicines.
Manzanillo Paolo, Celine Eidenschenk, dkk, 2015. the crosstalk among IL-1 and IL-10 family cytokines in intestinal immunity, CellPress; Focus: Intestinal immunity, Trends in Immunology , Vol. 36, No. 8.
Masalha M; et al. (2001). "Analysis of Transcription of the Staphylococcus Aureus Aerobic Class Ib and Anaerobic Class III Ribonucleotide Reductase Genes in Response to Oxygen". Journal of Bacteriology. 183 (24): 7260–7272.
Mediano pilar, et al, 2014.Case–Control Study Of Risk Factors For Infectious Mastitis In Spanish Breastfeeding Women. BMC Pragnancy and Childbirth
Michle C, et al. The challenge of mastitis. 2003
Monika anna, et al, 2013.The early phase transcriptome of bovine
monocyte-derived macrophages infected with Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. BMC Genomics
Pharm adv J,et al, 2017. In vitro anti‑inflammatory, mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of ethanolic extract of Clerodendrum paniculatum root. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research
Permender et.al. 2009. Mechanism of Action of Flavonoids as Anti-inflammatory Agents: A Review. Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets, Vol. 8, No. 3.
Rayitno Adi , et al, 2014, Immune Response Indicated by Expressing of IL-2 and IL-10 in Cervical Cancer. Journal of Cancer Therapy.
Rathee Permender, et al.2009. Mechanism of Action of Flavonoids as Anti-inflammatory Agents: A Review. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Raho G. Bachir, Abouni.B. 2015. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus most common source of infection. he Battle Against Microbial Pathog ens: Basic Science, Technological Advances and Educational
Supartono. 2006 . pemeriksaan staphylococcus aureus pada organ dalam hewan dan bahan makanan, Bogor. Jurnal Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan
S Jahanfar, Et al, 2013 Antibiotics for mastitis in breastfee Antibiotics for mastitis in breastfeeding women (Review). Cochrane Library
Shrivastava, N Patel, et al. T.2007. Clerodendrum and Healthcare: An Overview. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology.1(1): 142-150.
Thakur, R, et al. 2013. Study of Antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of cinnamon (Cinamomum tamala), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa).American Journal of Life Sciences,1(6): 273-277
The Women’s. 2012. Policy, Guideline and Procedure Manual Mastitis and Breast Abscess. The Royal Women Hospital.
Tri Anasari,Sumarni,et al. 2014. Factors Influence The Mastitis’s Insidence In RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Jurnal Involusi Kebidanan, Vol. 4, No. 7
Varzandian Bahareh, et al.2017. An Investigation on the Expression Level of Interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the Healthy and Mastitic Holstein Cows and the Bioinformatics Analysis ofNucleosome Profile, Journal Animal Biotechnology. ISSN: 1049-5398
WHO.2000.Bank Data. 30 September 2017.
Yankanchi, S.R., dan Koli, S.A.2010 Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic activity of mature leaves methanol extract of Clerodendrum inerme L. (Gaertn). Pharm. Sci. & Res. 2(11): 782-785.
Zhao Yapo, Zhao Huiyuan,dkk. 2013. IL-4 induces a suppressive IL-10-producing CD8 T cell population via a Cdkn2a-dependent mechanis. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. Volume 94
Zarshenas Mahnaz, et al. 2017. Incidence and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Shiraz,Iran:Results of a Cohort Study Breastfeeding Medicine Volume 12, Number 5
Zadoks N,Ruth, et al.2011. Molecular Epidemiology of Mastitis Pathogens of Dairy Cattle and Comparative Relevance to Humans J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia
Ziegeler Christina,et al.2011. The dynamics of T cells during persistent Staphylococcus aureus infection: from antigen-reactivity to in vivo anergy. EMBO Molecular Medicine
Authors
Qanun Medika by FK UM Surabaya is liscence under Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional.