Peran Enzim dalam Penyakit Metabolik

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Diterbitkan Jun 2, 2026
https://doi.org/10.30651/ps.v5i1.31760
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Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Proceeding Series LSPID UMSURA

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Putri Alya Ramadhani
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Maulidiya Putri Maharani
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Riko Cendika Putra Pratama
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Dena Aulya Kusumah
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Najwa Aulia Rahmah
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Dimas Sufianto
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Neisya Hanis Widika
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Adinda Izzati Amanina Zain
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Rifdatus Salma Nabila
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Muhamad Syahran Mustafa
Fakultas Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Nur Aisah Ibrahimiyah
Departemen Ilmu Pendidikan Kedokteran Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Abstrak

Metabolisme merupakan rangkaian reaksi biokimia yang berperan penting dalam mempertahankan fungsi, pertumbuhan, dan kelangsungan hidup sel, yang seluruhnya bergantung pada kerja enzim sebagai katalis biologis. Gangguan fungsi enzim dapat menghambat jalur metabolisme normal dan berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya penyakit metabolik, seperti obesitas, diabetes melitus, dislipidemia, dan sindrom metabolik. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran enzim dalam metabolisme sel, mekanisme kerja enzim, serta hubungan gangguan enzim dengan patogenesis penyakit metabolik, dengan penekanan pada gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lipid, dan obesitas. Metode penulisan dilakukan melalui studi literatur terhadap jurnal ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa gangguan jumlah, aktivitas, dan regulasi enzim, baik akibat faktor genetik maupun didapat dapat menyebabkan akumulasi substrat, kekurangan produk metabolik, gangguan homeostasis energi, serta disfungsi seluler. Kesimpulannya, enzim memiliki peran sentral dalam menjaga keseimbangan metabolisme, sehingga gangguan fungsi enzim merupakan faktor kunci dalam patogenesis penyakit metabolik.

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