Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Corona Virus Infection Disease (COVID)-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus C derivative. The SARS-CoV-2 genome has six main open reading frames (ORFs): ORF 1a and 1b, envelope protein/E genes, membrane protein/M genes, spike protein/S gene, and nucleocapsid protein/N genes. Realtime RT-PCR is a DNA amplification technique in which amplification products can be analyzed at each cycle using fluorogenic probes. The RT-PCR method is used for amplification, isolation, or identification of sequences from RNA cells or tissues. The extraction of nucleic acids in the form of DNA and RNA is the initial process for biomolecular studies. The principle in the extraction of genetic material in the form of DNA and RNA is to break down cells and genetic material in the cell from other cellular components in the form of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and other substances. The purpose of this study is to find out the picture of the value of CT Value qRT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 using two extraction methods, namely manual and automatic. This study was descriptive using accidental sampling techniques of positive patients confirmed with COVID-19. Swab samples are carried out using manual and automatic extraction methods, then qRT-PCR examination is carried out. The results of descriptive statistical tests obtained the Mean Gene E value of manual extraction 19.1290 and automatic extraction 18.8187, as well as the Mean Gene value of ORF1ab manual extraction 19.1290 and automatic extraction 19.5177.
Rincian Artikel
Referensi
- Agustiningsih., Nugraha, A.A., Daryanto., Pawestri, H.A., Ikawati, H.D., Harianja, H., et al. 2020. Pedoman pemeriksaan PCR Sars-Cov-2 Bagi Petugas Laboratorium. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (LPB).
- Bai, H., Cai, X. and Zhang, X. 2020. A comparison of PCR vs Immunoassay vs Crispr-Based test. doi: 10.13581/j.cnki.rm.2019.04.007 diakses tanggal 25 Oktober 2022.
- Fraga, D., Meulia, T., and Fenster, S. 2014. Real-Time PCR. Current Protocols Essential Laboratory Techniques. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470089941.et1003s08 diakses tanggal 26 Oktober 2022.
- Gennaro, F. Di, Pizzol, D., Marotta, C., Antunes, M., Racalbuto, V., Veronese, N., and Smith, L. 2020. Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Vol 17(2690): 1–11.
- Huang, C., Huang, L., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Gu, X., et al. 2021. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. The Lancet, Vol 397 (10270): 220–232.
- Jateng Tanggap Covid-19. 2022. Statistik Kasus Covid-19 Jawa Tengah. https://corona.jatengprov.go.id/data diakses tanggal 25 November 2022.
- Joseph, N., Bahtiar, N., Mahmud, F., Hamid, K, H., Raman, R., Hui, Y, C., et al. 2022. Perbandingan Kit Ekstraksi Asam Nukleta Virus Otomatis dan Manual Untuk Deteksi Covid-19 Menggunakan qRT-PCR. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malaysia. Vol 18(1):14-19.
- Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2020. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Coronavirus Disesase (COVID-19) Edisi5. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
- Lapostolle, F., Schneider, E., Vianu, I., Dollet, G., Roche, B., Berdah, J., et al. 2020. Clinical Features of 1487 COVID-19 Patients with Outpatient Management in the Greater Paris: the COVID Call Study. Internal and Emergency Medicine. Vol 15: 813-817.
- Lee, C.Y.P, Lin, R.T.P, and Renia, L. 2020. Serological Approaches for COVID-19: Epidemiologic Perspective on Surveillance and Control. Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11: 1-7.
- Lingeswaran, M., Goyal, T., Ghosh, R., Suri, S., Mitra, P., Misra, S., and Sharma, P. 2020. Inflammation, Immunity and Immunogenetics in COVID-19: A Narrative Review. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. Vol 35(3): 260–273.
- Lippi, G., Mattiuzzi, C., Bovo, C., and Plebani, M. 2020. Current laboratory diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acta Biomedica. Vol 91(2): 137–145.
- Manurung, J. J., Sukohar, A.2021. Hubungan Antara CT Value pada Test RT-PCR Terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 Relationship Between CT Value on RT-PCR Test and Clinical Parameters of COVID-19 Patients. Medula. Vol 11(1):119–124.
- Nugroho, K., Satyawan, D., Tasman, I.M., dan Lestari, P. 2022. Ekstraksi DNA Genomik: Tahap Kritis dalam Kegiatan Analisis Molekuler Tanaman. Jurnal AgroBiogen. Vol 18(1):33-34.
- PAMKI. 2020. Apakah Arti Klinis Nilai CT Cycle Thereshold Pada Pemeriksaan real-time RT-PCR. Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mikrobiologi Klinik. Available from: https://pamki.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ARTI-KLINIS-NILAICt.pdf diakses pada tanggal 22 Oktober 2022.
- Rao, S. N., Manissero, D., Steele, V. R., and Pareja, J. 2020. A Narrative Systematic Review of the Clinical Utility of Cycle Threshold Values in the Context of COVID-19. Infect Dis Ther. Vol 9:573-586.
- RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. 2022. SIM RS Laporan Hasil Pemeriksaan Laboratorium. Surakarta: RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
- Sucahya, P. K. 2020. Barriers to Covid- 19 RT-PCR Testing in Indonesia: A Health Policy Perspective. Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration, Vol 5(2): 36–42.
- Sulistyowatiningsih., Wijayanti, C.D.W., and Halik, W. 2022. Evaluasi Penyebab Hasil Invalid Pada Pemeriksaan RT-PCR Pasien Covid-19. Jurnal SainHealth. Vol.6(1):1-7.
- Susilo, A., Rumende, C. M., Pitoyo, C. W., Santoso, W. D, and Yulianti, M. 2020. Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. Vol 7(1): 45.
- WHO. 2020a. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation Report, 51. World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331475. Diakses pada 8 Oktober 2022.
- Wölfel, R., Corman, V. M., Guggemos, W., Seilmaier, M., Zange, S., Müller, M. A., et al. 2020. Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature, Vol 581(7809): 465–469.
- Zhou, C., Gao, C., Xie, Y., Xu M. 2020. COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Lancet Infect Dis. Vol (20): 3099-30156.
Referensi
Agustiningsih., Nugraha, A.A., Daryanto., Pawestri, H.A., Ikawati, H.D., Harianja, H., et al. 2020. Pedoman pemeriksaan PCR Sars-Cov-2 Bagi Petugas Laboratorium. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (LPB).
Bai, H., Cai, X. and Zhang, X. 2020. A comparison of PCR vs Immunoassay vs Crispr-Based test. doi: 10.13581/j.cnki.rm.2019.04.007 diakses tanggal 25 Oktober 2022.
Fraga, D., Meulia, T., and Fenster, S. 2014. Real-Time PCR. Current Protocols Essential Laboratory Techniques. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470089941.et1003s08 diakses tanggal 26 Oktober 2022.
Gennaro, F. Di, Pizzol, D., Marotta, C., Antunes, M., Racalbuto, V., Veronese, N., and Smith, L. 2020. Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Vol 17(2690): 1–11.
Huang, C., Huang, L., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Gu, X., et al. 2021. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. The Lancet, Vol 397 (10270): 220–232.
Jateng Tanggap Covid-19. 2022. Statistik Kasus Covid-19 Jawa Tengah. https://corona.jatengprov.go.id/data diakses tanggal 25 November 2022.
Joseph, N., Bahtiar, N., Mahmud, F., Hamid, K, H., Raman, R., Hui, Y, C., et al. 2022. Perbandingan Kit Ekstraksi Asam Nukleta Virus Otomatis dan Manual Untuk Deteksi Covid-19 Menggunakan qRT-PCR. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malaysia. Vol 18(1):14-19.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2020. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Coronavirus Disesase (COVID-19) Edisi5. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Lapostolle, F., Schneider, E., Vianu, I., Dollet, G., Roche, B., Berdah, J., et al. 2020. Clinical Features of 1487 COVID-19 Patients with Outpatient Management in the Greater Paris: the COVID Call Study. Internal and Emergency Medicine. Vol 15: 813-817.
Lee, C.Y.P, Lin, R.T.P, and Renia, L. 2020. Serological Approaches for COVID-19: Epidemiologic Perspective on Surveillance and Control. Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11: 1-7.
Lingeswaran, M., Goyal, T., Ghosh, R., Suri, S., Mitra, P., Misra, S., and Sharma, P. 2020. Inflammation, Immunity and Immunogenetics in COVID-19: A Narrative Review. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. Vol 35(3): 260–273.
Lippi, G., Mattiuzzi, C., Bovo, C., and Plebani, M. 2020. Current laboratory diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Acta Biomedica. Vol 91(2): 137–145.
Manurung, J. J., Sukohar, A.2021. Hubungan Antara CT Value pada Test RT-PCR Terhadap Parameter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 Relationship Between CT Value on RT-PCR Test and Clinical Parameters of COVID-19 Patients. Medula. Vol 11(1):119–124.
Nugroho, K., Satyawan, D., Tasman, I.M., dan Lestari, P. 2022. Ekstraksi DNA Genomik: Tahap Kritis dalam Kegiatan Analisis Molekuler Tanaman. Jurnal AgroBiogen. Vol 18(1):33-34.
PAMKI. 2020. Apakah Arti Klinis Nilai CT Cycle Thereshold Pada Pemeriksaan real-time RT-PCR. Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mikrobiologi Klinik. Available from: https://pamki.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ARTI-KLINIS-NILAICt.pdf diakses pada tanggal 22 Oktober 2022.
Rao, S. N., Manissero, D., Steele, V. R., and Pareja, J. 2020. A Narrative Systematic Review of the Clinical Utility of Cycle Threshold Values in the Context of COVID-19. Infect Dis Ther. Vol 9:573-586.
RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. 2022. SIM RS Laporan Hasil Pemeriksaan Laboratorium. Surakarta: RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Sucahya, P. K. 2020. Barriers to Covid- 19 RT-PCR Testing in Indonesia: A Health Policy Perspective. Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration, Vol 5(2): 36–42.
Sulistyowatiningsih., Wijayanti, C.D.W., and Halik, W. 2022. Evaluasi Penyebab Hasil Invalid Pada Pemeriksaan RT-PCR Pasien Covid-19. Jurnal SainHealth. Vol.6(1):1-7.
Susilo, A., Rumende, C. M., Pitoyo, C. W., Santoso, W. D, and Yulianti, M. 2020. Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. Vol 7(1): 45.
WHO. 2020a. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation Report, 51. World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331475. Diakses pada 8 Oktober 2022.
Wölfel, R., Corman, V. M., Guggemos, W., Seilmaier, M., Zange, S., Müller, M. A., et al. 2020. Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature, Vol 581(7809): 465–469.
Zhou, C., Gao, C., Xie, Y., Xu M. 2020. COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Lancet Infect Dis. Vol (20): 3099-30156.