Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis: Interferensi Fonetik Arab dalam Bahasa Lain
Abstrak
ABSTRAK
Bahasa Arab merupakan bahasa Semitik yang memiliki sistem fonetik kompleks dengan sejumlah fonem khas seperti bunyi faringal, glottal, dan konsonan emphatic yang tidak lazim ditemukan dalam bahasa non-Semitik. Keunikan fonetik ini menimbulkan tantangan signifikan bagi penutur bahasa lain, khususnya konteks pembelajaran bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis 21 artikel yang membahas fenomena interferensi fonetik bahasa Arab dalam bahasa lain. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kesulitan fonetik terutama disebabkan oleh ketiadapadanan fonem dalam bahasa ibu, serta dipengaruhi oleh variasi dialek Arab yang memperumit proses pembelajaran dan pengembangan teknologi linguistik. Strategi pembelajaran yang adaptif dan berbasis teknologi direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan akurasi pelafalan. Selain itu, kajian fonetik memiliki implikasi luas dalam bidang pendidikan, penerjemahan, dokumentasi budaya, dan pengembangan aplikasi pembelajaran bahasa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan kurikulum bahasa Arab yang lebih inklusif dan membuka ruang bagi kolaborasi interdisipliner antara linguistik, pedagogi, dan teknologi.
ABSTRACT
Arabic is a Semitic language with a complex phonetic system, with a number of distinctive phonemes, such as pharyngeal, glottal, and emphatic consonants, that are not commonly found in non-Semitic languages. This phonetic uniqueness poses significant challenges for speakers of other languages, particularly in the context of learning Arabic as a second language. This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to identify and analyze 21 articles discussing the phenomenon of Arabic phonetic interference in other languages. The results indicate that phonetic difficulties are primarily caused by the lack of phoneme equivalents in the mother tongue, and are influenced by variations in Arabic dialects, which complicate the learning process and the development of linguistic technology. Adaptive and technology-based learning strategies are recommended to improve pronunciation accuracy. Furthermore, phonetic studies have broad implications for education, translation, cultural documentation, and the development of language learning applications. This research contributes to the development of a more inclusive Arabic language curriculum and opens up space for interdisciplinary collaboration between linguistics, pedagogy, and technology.
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