DAMPAK KEPEMIMPINAN KEWIRAUSAHAN PADA KINERJA UKM: EFEK MEDIASI DARI FAKTOR ORGANISASI
Abstrak
This research empirically examines the effect of entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial orientation, and technological innovation capability on SMEs' performance. Interestingly, this study investigates the mediating effects of internal organizational factors such as entrepreneurial orientation, team creativity, dynamic capabilities, and competitive advantage on the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and SMEs' performance. The consistent PLS-SEM approach was applied to analyze valid data collected from 182 small and medium IT enterprises operating at Surabaya, Indonesia. The empirical results reveal that entrepreneurial leadership via the full mediators of team creativity, dynamic capabilities, and competitive advantages can enhance the performance of IT SMEs. While entrepreneurial orientation does not influence SMEs' business performance, technological innovation capabilities can provide some benefits. Besides, entrepreneurial orientation plays no mediation role in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and SMEs’ performance. Finally, the results allow us to provide meaningful insights and recommendations to manage and promote better entrepreneurial inspiration.
Keywords: Business performance; Entrepreneurial leadership; Entrepreneurial   orientation.
Referensi
Ahlin, B., Drnovˇsek, M., Hisrich, R.D., (2014). Entrepreneurs’ creativity and ï¬rm innovation: the moderating role of entrepreneurial self-efï¬cacy. Small Bus. Econ. 43 (1), 101–117.
Aljanabi, A.R.A., (2018). The mediating role of absorptive capacity on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and technological innovation capabilities. Int. J. Entrepreneurial Behav. Res.
Aljanabi, A.Q.R.A., Noor, N.A.M., (2015). The mediating role of market orientation on entrepreneurial orientation, absorptive capacity and technological innovation capabilities. Asian Soc. Sci. 11 (5), 219–234.
Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R., Ray, S., (2003). A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identiï¬cation and development. J. Bus. Ventur. 18 (1), 105–123.
Avolio, B.J., Bass, B.M., (2002). Developing Potential across a Full Range of Leadership: Cases on Transactional and Transformational Leadership. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, Mahwah, NJ.
Avolio, B.J., Bass, B.M., (2004). Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ): Third Edition Manual and Sampler Set. Mind Garden, Redwood City, CA.
Baer, M., Oldham, G.R., (2006). The curvilinear relation between experienced creative time pressure and creativity: moderating effects of openness to experience and support for creativity. J. Appl. Psychol. 91 (4), 963–970.
Baker, W.E., Sinkula, J.M., (2009). The complementary effects of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on proï¬tability in small businesses. J. Small Bus. Manag. 47 (4), 443–464.
Banutu-Gomez, M.B., Banutu-Gomez, S.M., (2007). Leadership and organizational change in A competitive environment. Business Renaiss. Quart. 2 (2), 69–90.
Barney, J.B., (1986). Strategic factor markets Expectations, luck, and business strategy. Manag. Sci. 32 (10), 1231–1241.
Barney, J., Wright, M., Ketchen, D.J., (2001). The resource-based view of the ï¬rm: ten years after (1991). J. Manag. 27, 625–641.
Bartlett, C.A., Birkinshaw, J., (2003). Transnational Management. McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA.
Bartlett, C.A., Ghoshal, S., (1988). Organizing for worldwide effectiveness: the transnational solution. Calif. Manag. Rev. 31 (1), 54–74.
Basco, R., Hern´andez-Perlines, F., RodrÃguez-GarcÃa, M., (2020). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on ï¬rm performance: a multigroup analysis comparing China, Mexico, and Spain. J. Bus. Res. 113, 409–421.
Bass, B.M., (1985). Leadership and Performance beyond Expectations. Free Press, New York, NY.
Bessant, J., Lamming, R., Noke, H., Phillips, W., (2005). Managing innovation beyond the steady state. Technovation 25 (12), 1366–1376.
Bharadwaj, S.G., Varadarajan, P.R., Fahy, J., (19930). Sustainable competitive advantage in service industries: a conceptual model and research propositions. J. Market. 57 (4), 83–99.
Bingham, C.B., Eisenhardt, K.M., Furr, N.R., (2007). What makes a process a capability? Heuristics, strategy, and effective capture of opportunities. Strategic Entrepren. J. 1 (1), 27–47.
Birkinshaw, J., (1997). Entrepreneurship in multinational corporations: the characteristics of subsidiary initiatives. Strat. Manag. J. 18 (3), 207–229.
Bo€rjesson, S., Elmquist, M., Hooge, S., (2014). The challenges of innovation capability building: learning from longitudinal studies of innovation efforts at Renault and Volvo Cars. J. Eng. Technol. Manag.- JET-M 31 (1), 120–140.
Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W., Story, V.M., (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and ï¬nancial capital. Int. Bus. Rev. 21 (4), 667–681.
Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W., Story, V.M., (2013)a. Entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation as drivers of product innovation success: a study of exporters from a developing economy. Int. Small Bus. J. 31 (1), 57–81.
Boso, N., Story, V.M., Cadogan, J.W., (2013)b. Entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, network ties, and performance: study of entrepreneurial ï¬rms in a developing economy. J. Bus. Ventur. 28 (6), 708–727.
Bridge, S., O’Neill, K., Cromie, S., (2003). Understanding Enterprise, Entrepreneurship and Small Business, second ed. MacMillan Press Ltd., Basingstoke.
Burgelman, R.A., (1983). A process model of internal corporate venturing in the diversiï¬ed major ï¬rm. Adm. Sci. Q. 28 (2), 223.
Burgelman, R., Sayles, L., (1986). Inside Corporate Venturing. Free Press, New York. Cai, W., (2018). Does entrepreneurial leadership foster creativity among employees and Teams ?. In: The Mediating Role of Creative Efï¬cacy Beliefs.
Cai, L., Liu, Q., Deng, S., Cao, D., (2014). Entrepreneurial orientation and external technology acquisition: an empirical test on performance of technology-based new ventures. J. Bus. Econ. Manag. 15 (3), 544–561.
Calantone, R.J., Tamer, C.S., Yushan, Z., (2004). Learning orientation, ï¬rm innovation capability, and ï¬rm performance. Ind. Market. Manag. 31, 515–524.
Camiso´n, C., Lo´pez, A.V., (2010). An examination of the relationship between manufacturing flexibility and ï¬rm performance: the mediating role of innovation. Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag. 30 (8), 853–878.
Carpenter, M.A., Geletkancz, M.A., Sanders, W.G., (2004). Upper echelons research revisited: antecedents, elements, and consequences of top management team composition. J. Manag. 30 (6), 749–778.
Carson, D., Cromie, S., McGotwan, P., Hill, J., (1995). Marketing and Entrepreneurship in SMEs : an Innovative Appro. Prentice Hall, Hemel Hempstead.
Cassar, G., (2014). Industry and startup experience on entrepreneur forecast performance in new ï¬rms. J. Bus. Ventur. 29 (1), 137–151.
Cheah, J.H., Memon, M.A., Chuah, F., Ting, H., Ramayah, T., (2018). Assessing reflective models in marketing research: a comparison between pls and plsc estimates. Int. J. Business Soc. 19 (1), 139–160.
Chen, M.H., (2007). Entrepreneurial leadership and new ventures: creativity in entrepreneurial teams. Creativ. Innovat. Manag. 16 (3), 239–249.
Chen, Y., (2012). Risk in integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation. Kybernetes 41 (10), 1423–1439.
Cheng, C.F., Chang, M.L., Li, C.S., (2013). Conï¬gural paths to successful product innovation. J. Bus. Res. 66 (12), 2561–2573.
Cho, Y.H., Lee, J.-H., (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial education and performance. Asia Pac. J. Innovat. Entrepren.
Choi, J.H., Kim, S., Yang, D.H., (2018). Small and medium enterprises and the relation between social performance and ï¬nancial performance: empirical evidence from Korea. Sustainability 10 (6), 15–19.
Cogliser, C.C., Brigham, K.H., (2004). The intersection of leadership and entrepreneurship: mutual lessons to be learned. Leader. Q. 15 (6), 771–799.
Cook, P., (1998). The creativity advantage - is your organization the leader of the pack? Ind. Commerc. Train. 30 (5), 179–184.
Covin, J.G., Lumpkin, G.T., (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation theory and research: reflections on a needed construct. Enterpren. Theor. Pract. 35 (5), 855–872.
Covin, J.G., Miller, D., (2014). International entrepreneurial orientation: conceptual considerations, research themes, measurement issues, and future research directions. Enterpren. Theor. Pract. 38 (1), 11–44.
Damanpour, F., (1991). Organizational innovation: a meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Acad. Manag. J. 34, 555–590.
De Dreu, C.K.W., Nijstad, B.A., Van Knippenberg, D., (2008). Motivated information processing in group judgment and decision making. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 12 (1), 22–49.
Diehl, M., Stroebe, W., 1987. Productivity loss in brainstorming groups: toward the solution of a riddle. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 53 (3), 497–509.
D’Angelo, A., Presutti, M., (2019). SMEs international growth: the moderating role of experience on entrepreneurial and learning orientations. Int. Bus. Rev. 28 (3), 613–624.
Eisenhardt, K.M., Martin, J.A., (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strat. Manag. J. 21 (10-11), 1105–1121.
Engelen, A., Schmidt, S., Strenger, L., Brettel, M., (2014). Top management’s transformational leader behaviors and innovation orientation: a cross-cultural perspective in eight countries. J. Int. Manag. 20 (2), 124–136.
Engelen, A., Gupta, V., Strenger, L., Brettel, M., (2015). Entrepreneurial orientation, ï¬rm performance, and the moderating role of transformational leadership behaviors.
J. Manag. 41 (4), 1069–1097.
Ensley, M.D., Hmieleski, K.M., Pearce, C.L., (2006)a. The importance of vertical and shared leadership within new venture top management teams: implications for the performance of startups. Leader. Q. 17 (3), 217–231.
Ensley, M.D., Pearce, C.L., Hmieleski, K.M., (2006)b. The moderating effect of environmental dynamism on the relationship between entrepreneur leadership behavior and new venture performance. J. Bus. Ventur. 21 (2), 243–263.
Falk, R.F., Miller, N.B., (1992). A Primer for Soft Modeling. The University of Akron Press.
Felin, T., Foss, N.J., Heimeriks, K.H., Madsen, T.L., (2012). Microfoundations of routines and capabilities: individuals, processes, and structure. J. Manag. Stud. 49 (8), 1351–1374.
Ferreira, J.J., Fernandes, C.I., Raposo, M.L., (2018). Measuring and understanding the psychological effects of entrepreneurial intentions: multigroup analysis. In: Inside the Mind of the Entrepreneur. Springer, pp. 17–31.
Fillis, I., (2002). An andalusian dog or a rising star? Creativity and the marketing/ entrepreneurship interface. J. Market. Manag. 18 (3–4), 379–395.
Fillis, I., Rentschler, R., (2006). Creative Marketing: an Extended Metaphor for Marketing in a New Age. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke.
Fillis, I., Rentschler, R., (2010). The role of creativity in entrepreneurship. J. Enterprising Cult. 18 (1), 49–81.
Floyd, S.W., Wooldridge, B., (1999). Knowledge creation and social networks in corporate entrepreneurship: the renewal of organizational capability. Enterpren. Theor. Pract. 23 (3), 123–144.
Fraj-Andr´es, E., Martinez-Salinas, E., Matute-Vallejo, J., (2009). A multidimensional approach to the influence of environmental marketing and orientation on the ï¬rm’s organizational performance. J. Bus. Ethics 88 (2), 263–286.
GarcÃa-Morales, V.J., MatÃas-Reche, F., Hurtado-Torres, N., (2008). Influence of transformational leadership on organizational innovation and performance depending on the level of organizational learning in the pharmaceutical sector. J. Organ. Change Manag. 21 (2), 188–212.
Gilson, L.L., (2008). Why be creative: a review of the practical outcomes associated with creativity at the individual, group, and organizational levels. Handbook Organ. Creativ. 303–322.
Girod, S.J.G., Whittington, R., (2017). Reconï¬guration, restructuring and ï¬rm performance: dynamic capabilities and environmental dynamism. Strat. Manag. J. 38 (5), 1121–1133.
Gong, Y., Huang, J.C., Farh, J.L., (2009). Employee learning orientation, transformational leadership, and employee creativity: the mediating role of employee creative self- efï¬cacy. Acad. Manag. J. 52 (4), 765–778.
Gong, Y., Zhou, J., Chang, S., (2013). Core knowledge employee creativity and ï¬rm performance: the moderating role of riskiness orientation, ï¬rm size, and realized absorptive capacity. Person. Psychol. 66 (2), 443–482.
Gonz´alez-Alvarez, N., Nieto-AntolÃn, M., (2005). Protection and internal transfer of technological competencies: the role of causal ambiguity. Ind. Manag. Data Syst. 105 (7), 841–856.
Grant, R.M., (1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the ï¬rm. Strat. Manag. J. 17, 109–122.
Green, K.W., Whitten, D., Inman, R.A., (2008). The impact of logistics performance on organizational performance in a supply chain context. Supply Chain Manag. 13 (4), 317–327.
Gruber, M., MacMillan, I.C., Thompson, J.D., (2012). From minds to markets: how human capital endowments shape market opportunity identiï¬cation of technology start-ups. J. Manag. 38 (5), 1421–1449.
Gupta, V., MacMillan, I.C., Surie, G., (2004). Entrepreneurial leadership: developing and measuring a cross-cultural construct. J. Bus. Ventur. 19 (2), 241–260.
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R., (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. A Global Perspective. Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey, NJ.
Hayton, J.C., Kelley, D.J., (2006). A competency-based framework for promoting corporate entrepreneurship. Hum. Resour. Manag. 45 (3), 407–427.
Hitt, M.A., Keats, B.W., DeMarie, S.M., (1998). Navigating in the new competitive landscape: building strategic flexibility and competitive advantage in the 21st century. Acad. Manag. Exec. 12 (4), 22–42
Hmieleski, K.M., Cole, M.S., Baron, R.A., (2012) Shared authentic leadership and new venture performance. J. Manag. 38 (5), 1476–1499.
Huang, S.K., Wang, Y.L., (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation, learning orientation, and innovation in small and medium enterprises. Proc. - Soc. Behav. Sci. 24, 563–570.
Huang, S., Ding, D., Chen, Z., (2014). Entrepreneurial leadership and performance in C hinese new ventures: a moderated mediation model of exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation and environmental dynamism. Creativ. Innovat. Manag. 23 (4), 453–471.
Hull, C.E., Rothenberg, S., (2008). Firm performance: the interactions of corporate social performance with innovation and industry differentiation. Strat. Manag. J. 29 (7), 781–789.
Iansiti, M., Clark, K.B., (1994). Integration and dynamic capability: evidence from product development in automobiles and mainframe computers. Ind. Corp. Change 3 (3), 557–605.
Ireland, R.D., Hitt, M.a., 2005. Achieving and maintaining strategic competitiveness in the 21st century : the role of strategic leadership. Acad. Manag. Exec. 19 (4), 63–77.
Jansen, J.J.P., Simsek, Z., Cao, Q., (2012). Ambidexterity and performance in multiunit contexts: cross-level moderating effects of structural and resource attributes. Strat. Manag. J. 33 (11), 1286–1303.
Jung, D., Wu, A., Chow, C.W., (2008). Towards understanding the direct and indirect effects of CEOs transformational leadership on ï¬rm innovation. Leadership Quart. 19 (5), 582–594.
Kajalo, S., Lindblom, A., (2015). Market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and business performance among small retailers. Int. J. Retail Dist. Manag.
Kantur, D., (2016). Strategic entrepreneurship: mediating the entrepreneurial orientation- performance link. Manag. Decis.
Kao, J.J., (1989). Entrepreneurship, Creativity, and Organization. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, NJ.
Kelley, D.J., Peters, L., O’Connor, G.C., (2009). Intra-organizational networking for innovation-based corporate entrepreneurship. J. Bus. Ventur. 24 (3), 221–235.
Khan, S.A., Tang, J., Zhu, R., (2013). The impact of environmental, ï¬rm, and relational factors on entrepreneurs’ ethically suspect behaviors. J. Small Bus. Manag. 51 (4), 637–657.
Ko, H.T., Lu, H.P., (2010). Measuring innovation competencies for integrated services in the communications industry. J. Service Manag. 21 (2), 162–190.
Kogut, B., Zander, U., 1992. Knowledge of the ï¬rm. Combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology. Organ. Sci. 3 (3), 383–397.
Kohn, N.W., Paulus, P.B., Choi, Y.H., (2011). Building on the ideas of others: an examination of the idea combination process. J. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 47, 554–561.
Koryak, O., Mole, K.F., Lockett, A., Hayton, J.C., Ucbasaran, D., Hodgkinson, G.P., (2015). Entrepreneurial leadership, capabilities and ï¬rm growth. Int. Small Bus. J. 33 (1), 89–105.
Kuratko, D., (2007). Entrepreneurial leadership in the 21st century: Guest Editor’s perspective. J. Leader. Organ Stud. 13 (4), 1–11.
Laforet, S., (2011). A framework of organisational innovation and outcomes in SMEs. Int. J. Entrepreneurial Behav. Res. 17 (4), 380–408.
Latan, H., Noonan, R., 2017. Partial least squares path modeling: basic concepts, methodological issues and applications. In: Partial Least Squares Path Modeling: Basic Concepts, Methodological Issues and Applications, pp. 1–414.
Leitch, C.M., Volery, T., 2017. Entrepreneurial leadership: insights and directions. Int. Small Bus. J. 35 (2), 147–156.
Li, Y.-H., Huang, J.-W., Tsai, M.-T., (2009). Entrepreneurial orientation and ï¬rm performance: the role of knowledge creation process. Ind. Market. Manag. 38 (4), 440–449.
Ling, Y., Simsek, Z., Lubatkin, M.H., Veiga, J.F., (2008). Transformational leadership’s role in promoting corporate entrepreneurship: examining the ceo-tmt interface. Acad. Manag. J. 51 (3), 557–576.
Liu, G., Shah, R., Schroeder, R.G., (2012). The relationships among functional integration, mass customisation, and ï¬rm performance. Int. J. Prod. Res. 50 (3), 677–690.
Lumpkin, G.T., Dess, G.G., 1996. Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Acad. Manag. Rev. 9 (1), 58–73.
Lyon, D.W., Lumpkin, G.T., Dess, G.G., (2000). Enhancing entrepreneurial orientation research: operationalizing and measuring a key strategic decision making process. J. Manag. 26 (5), 1055–1085.
Mathivathanan, D., Govindan, K., Haq, A.N., (2017). Exploring the impact of dynamic capabilities on sustainable supply chain ï¬rm’s performance using Grey-Analytical Hierarchy Process. J. Clean. Prod. 147, 637–653.
Matsuno, K., Mentzer, J.T., O€ zsomer, A., (2002). The effects of entrepreneurial proclivity and market orientation on business performance. J. Market. 66 (3), 18–32.
Matthews, J.H., (2007). Creativity and entrepreneurship: potential partners or distant cousins?. In: Proceedings Managing Our Intellectual and Social Capital: 21st ANZAM (2007) Conference, Sydney, pp. 1–17.
Miller, D., (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of ï¬rms. Manag. Sci. 29 (7), 770–791.
Miller, D., Le Breton–Miller, I., (2011). Governance, social identity, and entrepreneurial orientation in closely held public companies. Enterpren. Theor. Pract. 35 (5), 1051–1076.
Moitra, D., Ganesh, J., 2005. Web services and flexible business processes: towards the adaptive enterprise. Inf. Manag. 42 (7), 921–933.
Morgan, T., Anokhin, S., Kretinin, A., Frishammar, J., (2015). The dark side of the entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation interplay: a new product development perspective. Int. Small Bus. J.: Res. Entrepren. 33 (7), 731–751.
Morgeson, F.P., DeRue, D.S., Karam, E.P., (2010). Leadership in teams: a functional approach to understanding leadership structures and processes. J. Manag. 36 (1), 5–39.
Tuominen, M., Hyvo€nen, S., (2004). Organizational innovation capability: a driver for competitive superiority in marketing channels. Int. Rev. Retail Distrib. Consum. Res. 14 (3), 277–293.
Ucbasaran, D., Westhead, P., Wright, M., (2009). The extent and nature of opportunity identiï¬cation by experienced entrepreneurs. J. Bus. Ventur. 24 (2), 99–115.
Uhl-Bien, M., Arena, M., (2018). Leadership for organizational adaptability: a theoretical synthesis and integrative framework. Leader. Q. 29 (1), 89–104.
Vecchio, R.P., (2003). Entrepreneurship and leadership : common trends and common threads, 13, 303–327.
Von Nordenflycht, A., (2007). Is public ownership bad for professional service ï¬rms? Ad agency ownership, performance, and creativity. Acad. Manag. J. 50 (2), 429–445.
Wales, W., Monsen, E., Mckelvie, A., (2011). The organizational pervasiveness of entrepreneurial orientation. Enterpren. Theor. Pract. 35 (5), 895–923.
Wales, W.J., Gupta, V.K., Mousa, F.-T., (2013). Empirical research on entrepreneurial orientation: an assessment and suggestions for future research. Int. Small Bus. J. 31 (4), 357–383.
Walumbwa, F.O., Hartnell, C.A., (2011). Understanding transformational leadership- employee performance links: the role of relational identiï¬cation and self-efï¬cacy.
J. Occup. Organ. Psychol. 84 (1), 153–172.
Walumbwa, F.O., Mayer, D.M., Wang, P., Wang, H., Workman, K., Christensen, A.L., (2011). Linking ethical leadership to employee performance: the roles of leader- member exchange, self-efï¬cacy, and organizational identiï¬cation. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 115 (2), 204–213.
Wang, C. Hsien, Lu, I. Yuan, Chen, C. Bein, (2008). Evaluating ï¬rm technological innovation capability under uncertainty. Technovation 28 (6), 349–363.
Ward, T.B., (2004). Cognition, creativity, and entrepreneurship. J. Bus. Ventur. 19 (2), 173–188.
Weinzimmer, L.G., Michel, E.J., Franczak, J.L., (2011). Creativity and ï¬rm-level performance: the mediating effects of action orientation. J. Manag. Issues 23 (1), 62–82.
Wiklund, J., Shepherd, D., (2003). Knowledge-based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium-sized businesses. Strat. Manag. J. 24 (13), 1307–1314.
Wiklund, J., Shepherd, D., 2005. Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: a conï¬gurational approach. J. Bus. Ventur. 20 (1), 71–91.
Wu, L.Y., (2007). Entrepreneurial resources, dynamic capabilities and start-up performance of Taiwan’s high-tech ï¬rms. J. Bus. Res. 60 (5), 549–555.
Wu, L.Y., (2010). Applicability of the resource-based and dynamic-capability views under environmental volatility. J. Bus. Res. 63 (1), 27–31.
Yang, C.C., Marlow, P.B., Lu, C.S., (2009). Assessing resources, logistics service capabilities, innovation capabilities and the performance of container shipping services in Taiwan. Int. J. Prod. Econ. 122 (1), 4–20.
Yukl, G.A., (2013). Leadership in Organizations, Global ed. Essex: Pearson, Upper saddle River, NJ.
Yurtkoru, E.S., Acar, P., Teraman, B.S., (2014). Willingness to take risk and entrepreneurial intention of university students: an empirical study comparing private and state universities. Proc. - Soc. Behav. Sci. 150, 834–840.
Zahra, S.A., (2008). Being entrepreneurial and market driven: implications for company performance. J. Strat. Manag. 1 (2), 125–142.
Zahra, S.A., George, G., (2002). Absorptive capacity: a review, reconceptualization, and extension. Acad. Manag. Rev. 27 (2), 185–203.
Zahra, S.A., Sapienza, H.J., Davidsson, P., (2006). Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: a review, model and research agenda. J. Manag. Stud. 43 (4), 917–955.
Zawislak, P.A., Alves, A.C., Tello-Gamarra, J., Barbieux, D., Reichert, F.M., (2012). Innovation capability: from technology development to transaction capability. J. Technol. Manag. Innovat. 7 (2), 14–25.
Zeffane, R., (2014). Does collectivism necessarily negate the spirit of entrepreneurship? Int. J. Entrepreneurial Behav. Res. 20 (3), 278–296.
Zhou, J., Shalley, C.E., (2008). Expanding the scope and impact of organizational creativity research. Handbook Organ. Creativ. 347–368.
Aprilia, D., Islamia, S., Novianto, D., & Wahjono, S. I. (2019). Pengaruh Role Stres Dan Burnout Terhadap Komitmen Kerja Karyawan. Working Papers of Innovation in Economics.
