Permasalahan dalam Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Inklusi di SDN Se Kecamatan Soko Kabupaten Tuban

Abstract

Abstrak: Penerapan pendidikan inklusi di Indonesia bertujuan untuk memberikan fasilitas dan layanan pendidikan bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK). Penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi sudah di terapkan di sekolah dasar seluruh Indonesia khususnya kota-kota besar, tetapi dalam pelaksanannya menemukan banyak permasalahan.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan permasalahan-permasalahan yang dialami oleh sekolah penyelenggara pendidikan inklusi di SD Negeri Se Kecamatan Soko Kabupaten Tuban. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah: guru Pembimbing Khusus (GPK), guru Kelas, kepala Sekolah di SD Negeri inklusif se-Kecamatan Soko Kabupaten Tuban.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini berupa data kualitatif yang kemudian dianalisis melalui kegiatan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada berbagai permasalahan yang di temukan dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi, yaitu dari komponen guru, siswa, proses pembelajaran, manajemen sekolah, kurikulum, sarana prasarana, dan kerjasama. Permasalahan utama berkaitan dengan kurangnya kompetensi guru dalam menghadapi siswa ABK, minimnya kemampuan guru dalam proses pembelajaran, belum tersedianya ruang sumber untuk pemberian layanan khusus bagi ABK, belum adanya kurikulum plus,  dan berbagai jenis ABK yang memiliki keberagaman karakteristik. Permasalahan lainnya adalah berkaitan dengan kurangnya kepedulian orangtua terhadap ABK dan kurangnya kerjasama dari berbagai pihak seperti masyarakat, ahli professional dan pemerintah.

Kata Kunci: Permasalahan, Pendidikan Inklusi, Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus

Abstract: The application of inclusive education in Indonesia aims to provide educational facilities and services for children with special needs (ABK). The implementation of inclusive education has been implemented in primary schools throughout Indonesia, especially in big cities, but in its implementation there have been many problems. This study aims to describe the problems experienced by schools providing inclusion education in the Public Elementary Schools in Soko Sub-District, Tuban Regency. Subjects in this study were: Special Advisors (GPK), Class teachers, headmaster all state Elementary Schools inclusive of Soko sub-district, in Tuban Regency. Data was collected through interview, observation, documentation techniques. The data obtained from this study are qualitative data which are then analyzed through data reduction activities, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that there were various problems found in the implementation of inclusive education, namely from the components of the teacher, students, the learning process, school management, curriculum, infrastructure, and collaboration. The main problem is related to the lack of competency of teachers in dealing with ABK students, the lack of teachers' ability in the learning process, the unavailability of source space for providing special services for ABK, the absence of a plus curriculum, and various types of crews who have diverse characteristics. Other problems are related to the lack of awareness of parents to ABK and the  lack of cooperation of various parties such as professional government and soceity.

Keywords: Problems, Inclution Education, Children With Special Needs