Perbankan dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia: Analisis Error Correction Model
Abstract
Abstract
As an effort to encourage domestic economic growth, the role of banking is very important. This is related to the banking function, namely as a distributor and collector of public funds. This study aims to measure the effect of banking on economic growth in Indonesia. Banking variables in this study are proxied by Commercial Bank Assets, Commercial Bank Financing and the Number of Conventional Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Then the Economic Growth variable is proxied by Gross Domestic Product. The analysis in this study uses the Error Correction Model approach. The results showed that simultaneously both the short and long term banking variables had a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. While the partial test results, both short and long term, the banking variable which is proxied by the number of commercial banks and conventional commercial bank financing has a negative and insignificant effect. Meanwhile, the variables of commercial bank assets, both short and long term, have a positive and significant effect.
Keywords: banking, economic growth
Abstrak
Sebagai upaya dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam negeri, peran perbankan sangat penting dibutuhkan. Hal ini terkait dengan fungsi perbankan yaitu sebagai penyalur dan penghimpun dana masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh perbankan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Variabel perbankan dalam penelitian ini diproksikan dengan Aset Bank Umum, Pembiayaan Bank Umum dan Jumlah Bank Umum konvensional yang ada di Indonesia. Kemudian variabel Pertumbuhan Ekonomi diproksikan dengan Produk Domestik Bruto. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Error Correction Model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang variabel perbankan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Sementara hasil uji secara parsial, baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang, variabel perbankan yang diproksikan dengan Jumlah Bank Umum dan Pembiayaan Bank umum konvensional berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan. Sedangkan variabel Aset Bank Umum baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan.
Kata Kunci: perbankan, pertumbuhan ekonomi
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